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  • 2015-2019  (15)
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Prices and Welfare (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Araar, Abdelkrim Prices and Welfare
    Kurzfassung: What is the welfare effect of a price change? This simple question is one of the most relevant and controversial questions in microeconomic theory and its different answers can lead to severe heterogeneity in empirical results. This paper returns to this question with the objective of providing a general framework for the use of theoretical contributions in empirical works, with a particular focus on poor people and poor countries. Welfare measures (such as Equivalent Variation or Consumer's Surplus) and computational methods (such as Taylor's approximations or the Vartia method) are compared to test how these choices result in different welfare measurement under different price shock scenarios. As a rule of thumb and irrespective of parameter choices, welfare measures converge to approximately the same result for price changes below 10 percent. Above this threshold, these measures start to diverge significantly. Budget shares play an important role in explaining such divergence, whereas the choice of demand system has a minor role. Under standard utility assumptions, the Laspeyers and Paasche variations are always the outer bounds of welfare estimates and consumer surplus is always the median estimate. The paper also introduces a new simple welfare approximation, clarifies the relation between Taylor's approximations and the income and substitution effects, and provides an example for treating nonlinear pricing. Stata codes for all computations are provided in annex
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7566
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Intergenerational impact of population shocks on children's health : evidence from the 1993-2001 refugee crisis in Tanzania (2019)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Fragility, Conflict and Violence Global Theme
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Policy research working paper 9075
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy research working paper
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Soazic Elise Wang Sonne Intergenerational Impact of Population Shocks on Children's Health: Evidence from the 1993-2001 Refugee Crisis in Tanzania
    Schlagwort(e): Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper examines how parents' early childhood exposure to a refugee crisis impacts their children's health status. Based on Demographic and Health Survey data from Tanzania with the migration history of mothers and fathers, the analysis exploits geographical, time, and cohort variations using shock intensity and distance from refugee camps to instrument treatment. The findings show that children who were born to parents who were living closer to refugee camps during their early childhood have lower height for their age and are more likely to be stunted. The results are robust to alternative functional forms of the distance from camps, alternative specifications of the treatment and control groups, alternative cohorts of mothers, and several placebo tests
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9075
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Estimating poverty for refugee populations : can cross-survey imputation methods substitute for data scarcity? (2019)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Data Group & Fragility, Conflict and Violence Global Theme
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Policy research working paper 9076
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy research working paper
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Hai-Anh H. Dang Estimating Poverty for Refugee Populations: Can Cross-Survey Imputation Methods Substitute for Data Scarcity?
    Schlagwort(e): Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The increasing growth of forced displacement worldwide has led to the stronger interest of various stakeholders in measuring poverty among refugee populations. However, refugee data remain scarce, particularly in relation to the measurement of income, consumption, or expenditure. This paper offers a first attempt to measure poverty among refugees using cross-survey imputations and administrative and survey data collected by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Jordan. Employing a small number of predictors currently available in the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees registration system, the proposed methodology offers out-of-sample predicted poverty rates. These estimates are not statistically different from the actual poverty rates. The estimates are robust to different poverty lines, they are more accurate than those based on asset indexes or proxy means tests, and they perform well according to targeting indicators. They can also be obtained with relatively small samples. Despite these preliminary encouraging results, it is essential to replicate this experiment across countries using different data sets and welfare aggregates before validating the proposed method
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9076
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Optimal Targeting under Budget Constraints in a Humanitarian Context (2017)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Gigliarano, Chiara Optimal Targeting under Budget Constraints in a Humanitarian Context
    Kurzfassung: The combination of conflict, food insecurity, and displacement generates competing claims for financial resources that stretch the donors' ability to provide funding and the humanitarian organizations' capacity to provide social assistance. The paper uses Receiver Operating Characteristic curves and related indexes to determine the optimal targeting strategy of a food voucher program for refugees. The estimations focus on the 2014 food vouchers administered by the World Food Programme to Syrian refugees in Jordan. The analysis uses data collected by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Based on a poverty model, Receiver Operating Characteristic curves are used to optimize coverage and leakage rates under budget constraints. The paper shows how policy makers can use these instruments to fine-tune targeting using coverage rates, budgets, or poverty lines as guiding principles to increase the overall efficiency of a program. As humanitarian organizations operate under increasing budget constraints and increasing demands for efficiency, the proposed approach addresses both concerns
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8191
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in Libya (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Araar, Abdelkrim The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in Libya
    Kurzfassung: Shortly before the 2011 Libyan revolution, consumers' subsidies were rapidly increased by the regime in an effort to reduce social discontent. In the aftermath of the revolution, these subsidies became important for people's subsistence, but also a very heavy burden for the state budget. Since then, the Libyan government has been confronted with the necessity of reforming subsidies in a politically and socially complex environment. This paper uses household survey data to provide a distributional analysis of food and energy subsidies and simulate the impact of subsidy reforms on household wellbeing, poverty, and the government's budget. Despite the focus on direct effects only, the results indicate that subsidy reforms would have a major impact on household welfare and government revenues. The elimination of food subsidies would reduce household expenditure by about 10 percent and double the poverty rate while saving the equivalent of about 2 percent of the government budget. The elimination of energy subsidies would have a similar effect on household welfare, but a larger effect on poverty while government savings would be almost 4 percent of the budget. The size of these effects, the weakness of market institutions, and the current political instability make subsidy reforms extremely complex in Libya. It is also clear that subsidy reforms will call for some form of compensation for the poor, a gradual rather than a big bang approach, and a product-by-product sequence of reforms rather than an all-inclusive reform
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7225
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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