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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal locational choice for agrobusinesses in Madagascar : an application of spatial autoregressive Tobit regression (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Transport and Digital Development Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8488
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Iimi, Atsushi Optimal Locational Choice for Agrobusinesses in Madagascar: An Application of Spatial Autoregressive Tobit Regression
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Betriebliche Standortwahl ; Madagaskar ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The traditional location theory predicts that firms' locational choice is independent of the output demand. However, firms are often concentrated in large markets. In Africa, agrobusinesses are expected to play an important role to facilitate agricultural growth but are hardly available in rural areas. This paper examines the question of why agribusinesses are not located in local production areas despite the clear benefits expected from close proximity to their inputs. By applying the spatial autocorrelation Tobit model, the paper estimates the impacts of market and farm accessibility on agglomeration of new agrobusinesses in Madagascar. The findings show that market accessibility and agglomeration economies are important for attracting more agrobusinesses. The quality of labor is also an important determinant for their locational choice. The findings are consistent with some models of location theory: firms move away from rural areas where they may still have monopsony power, toward urban areas where productivity is higher
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8488
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transport connectivity, medical supplies, and people’s health care access : evidence from Madagascar (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Transport and Digital Development Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8487
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Iimi, Atsushi Transport Connectivity, Medical Supplies, and People's Health Care Access: Evidence from Madagascar
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Krankenhausmanagement ; Medizinprodukt ; Arzneimittel ; Transportmanagement ; Räumliche Erreichbarkeit ; Ländlicher Raum ; Kleinste-Quadrate-Methode ; Madagaskar ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Health care access is a challenge in rural areas in Africa. On the demand side, rural people are often poor, and transport connectivity is typically bad in rural and remote areas. Because of limited transport connectivity, the quality of health care services provided is also often compromised. In Madagascar, the poor condition of the road network has long hampered the sustainability of the medical supply chain in rural areas. The paper shows that people's demand for health care services is affected not only by local transport connectivity, but also availability of medical supplies at the health facility level, which is also determined by primary and secondary road network connectivity. This in turn further suppresses people's demand in rural areas. The results also indicate that it is important to ensure financial affordability among the poor, which is found to be one of the most crucial constraints
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8487
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Crop production, transport infrastructure, and agrobusiness nexus : evidence from Madagascar (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Transport and Digital Development Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8486
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Iimi, Atsushi Crop Production, Transport Infrastructure, and Agrobusiness Nexus: Evidence from Madagascar
    Keywords: Landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb ; Agroindustrie ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Madagaskar ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The literature suggests a wide range of impacts of improved transport connectivity on agricultural growth. Still, the infrastructure-growth nexus remains somewhat mysterious, particularly in the African context, because many rural farmers do not have their own transport means. Using data from Madagascar, the paper reexamines the important roles of agrobusinesses. By applying the spatial autoregressive model, it is shown that proximity to input-oriented agrobusinesses, such as input dealers and equipment suppliers, is particularly important to increase rice production. Fertilizer and irrigation use is also found important, indicating the needs for intensification in rice production. Market accessibility is always found as a significant determinant: transport infrastructure connecting farmers and markets, especially the capital city, Antananarivo, is therefore important to develop and maintain
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8486
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Firm location, transport connectivity, and agglomeration economies : evidence from Liberia (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Transport and Digital Development Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8411
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Iimi, Atsushi Firm Location, Transport Connectivity, and Agglomeration Economies: Evidence from Liberia
    Keywords: Betrieblicher Standort ; Räumliche Erreichbarkeit ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Agglomerationseffekt ; Logit-Modell ; Liberia ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Transport connectivity is among the most important factors in increasing firm productivity and accelerating economic development. The literature generally supports the idea of agglomeration economies, although there is little evidence of their effectiveness in Africa. There are often empirical challenges, such as spatial externalities and endogeneity of infrastructure development. Using firm registry data in Liberia, this study used the instrumental variable spatial autoregressive model to examine the effects of transport connectivity on firms' decisions on where to locate. The study found significant spatial autocorrelation and possible endogeneity related to transport infrastructure, and that firms are more likely to be located where market accessibility is better. The data indicated strong agglomeration economies, indicating that the primary city, Monrovia, is likely to continue to grow and attract more people and firms, and that secondary cities can also grow with greater transport connectivity between populated areas, such as district centers
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8411
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transport connectivity and health care access : evidence from Liberia (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Transport and Digital Development Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8413
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Iimi, Atsushi Transport Connectivity and Health Care Access: Evidence from Liberia
    Keywords: Straße ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Räumliche Erreichbarkeit ; IV-Schätzung ; Liberia ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Health care access is an important policy concern, especially in rural areas. It is especially challenging in developing countries, where rural residents are poorer and less likely to be insured than those living in urban areas. Using the case of Liberia, this paper examines the effects of transport connectivity on health care access. The Ebola crisis in 2014 and 2015 clearly revealed the vulnerability of the country's transport and health systems to unexpected external shocks. Paying particular attention to the possible challenge of endogeneity associated with infrastructure investment, the study found that transport connectivity, especially greater road density, can increase access to health care, but there was no significant effect of road quality. This may be because of significantly skewed underlying data. The vast majority of roads in Liberia are in poor condition. The study also found that the statistical effect of road density varies depending on distance from a health facility. The effect is particularly significant within a 30- to 50-kilometer radius. Not only rural accessibility, but also broader transport connectivity needs to be developed to increase health care access
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8413
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heterogeneous impacts of main and feeder road improvements : evidence from Ethiopia (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Transport and Digital Development Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8548
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Iimi, Atsushi Heterogeneous Impacts of Main and Feeder Road Improvements; Evidence from Ethiopia
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Rural access is among the most important infrastructure constraints in rural Africa. Using the results from comprehensive household surveys and other data from Ethiopia, the paper recasts light on the heterogeneous impacts of road accessibility on agriculture and nonagricultural growth. It is found that crop production is increased by major and feeder road improvements. Significant synergy is also found. When investigating further into this effect, there are two impacts: farmers' access to the input market, especially fertilizer, was improved mainly by major corridor improvement. And output market access was improved by feeder road improvement. In addition, the household's nonagricultural income is somehow increased by improved road connectivity. There must be secondary effects. The transport demand function estimated with additional data indicates that as the road network improves, people's mobility increases. Furthermore, local business employment is found to increase with road improvements. To meet the increasing demand for mobility, efficiency and frequency of transport services are important
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8548
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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