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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aid and Trust in Country Systems (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Knack, Stephen Aid and Trust in Country Systems
    Abstract: The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness sets targets for increased use by donors of recipient country systems for managing aid. A consensus view holds that country systems are strengthened when donors trust recipients to manage aid funds, but undermined when donors manage aid through their own separate parallel systems. This paper provides an analytical framework for understanding donors’ decisions to trust in country systems or instead to micro-manage aid using their own systems and procedures. Where country systems are sufficiently weak, the development impact of aid is reduced by donors’ reliance on them. Trust in country systems will be sub-optimal, however, if donors have multiple objectives in aid provision rather than a sole objective of maximizing development outcomes. Empirical tests are conducted using data from an OECD survey designed to monitor progress toward Paris Declaration goals. Trust in country systems is measured in three ways: use of the recipient’s public financial management systems, use of direct budget support, and use of program-based approaches. The authors show using fixed effects regression that a donor’s trust in recipient country systems is positively related to (1) trustworthiness or quality of those systems, (2) tolerance for risk on the part of the donor’s constituents, as measured by public support for providing aid, and (3) the donor’s ability to internalize more of the benefits of investing in country systems, as measured by the donor’s share of all aid provided to a recipient
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5005
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sovereign Rents And The Quality of Tax Policy And Administration (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (28 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Knack, Stephen Sovereign Rents And The Quality of Tax Policy And Administration
    Keywords: Banks and Banking Reform ; Bureaucratic quality ; Country risk ; Debt Markets ; Developing countries ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human development ; International bank ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Po ; Private Sector Development ; Rule of law ; Tax ; Tax Law ; Tax policy ; Tax systems ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bureaucratic quality ; Country risk ; Debt Markets ; Developing countries ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human development ; International bank ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Po ; Private Sector Development ; Rule of law ; Tax ; Tax Law ; Tax policy ; Tax systems ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bureaucratic quality ; Country risk ; Debt Markets ; Developing countries ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Economic Theory and Research ; Economic development ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human development ; International bank ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Po ; Private Sector Development ; Rule of law ; Tax ; Tax Law ; Tax policy ; Tax systems ; Taxation and Subsidies
    Abstract: The availability of windfall revenues from natural resource exports or foreign aid potentially weakens governments' incentives to design efficient tax systems. Cross-country data for developing countries provide evidence for this hypothesis, using a World Bank indicator of "efficiency of revenue mobilization." Aid's negative effects on the quality of tax systems are robust to correcting for potential reverse causality, to changes in the sample, and to alternative estimation methods. Fuel export revenues are also associated with lower-quality tax policy and administration, but this finding is somewhat sensitive to outliers. Non-fuel resource exports, in contrast, show no relationship to the efficiency of revenue mobilization
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Social capital, social norms and the new institutional economics (2005)
    Associated volumes
    In:  Handbook of new institutional economics (2005), Seite 701-725 | year:2005 | pages:701-725
    Details
    ISBN: 1402026870
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Handbook of new institutional economics
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht : Springer, 2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2005), Seite 701-725
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2005
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:701-725
    Keywords: Sozialkapital ; Neue Institutionenökonomik ; Soziale Norm ; Aufsatz im Buch
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Individual and country-level factors affecting support for foreign aid (2008)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4714
    Parallel Title: Paxton, Pamela Marie Individual and country-level factors affecting support for foreign aid
    Keywords: Economic assistance ; Economic assistance
    Abstract: "In recent years donor countries have committed to dramatic increases in the supply of foreign aid to developing countries. Meeting and sustaining such commitments will require sufficient support among donor country voters and taxpayers. The determinants of public opinion in donor countries on foreign aid have received little attention. This paper examines attitudes to foreign aid with a large, multi-level, cross-national study. It outlines a theoretical rationale for support for foreign aid, discussing the importance of both individual factors and economic and social structures. The theory is tested with multi-level models, including both individual-level and country-level variables to predict positive attitudes. Two datasets are used to measure attitudes in donor countries: (1) the 1995 World Values Survey has information from approximately 6,000 individuals in nine countries and asks a rich battery of questions at the individual-level, and (2) the 2002 Gallup "Voice of the People" survey asks fewer questions of individuals but includes 17 donor countries. Using both surveys combines their distinct strengths and allows tests of individual and national-level theories across disparate samples. The results generally support the predictions that attitudes toward aid are influenced by religiosity, beliefs about the causes of poverty, awareness of international affairs, and trust in people and institutions. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/18/2009 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Worldwide Governance Indicators And Tautology : Causally Related Separable Concepts, Indicators of A Common Cause, Or Both? (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (31 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Langbein, Laura The Worldwide Governance Indicators And Tautology
    Keywords: Aggregate indexes ; Corruption ; Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Government effectiveness ; Human development ; Information Security and Privacy ; National Governance ; Political stability ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Regulatory quality ; Rule of law ; Science and Technology Development ; Services ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Worldwide governance indicators ; Aggregate indexes ; Corruption ; Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Government effectiveness ; Human development ; Information Security and Privacy ; National Governance ; Political stability ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Regulatory quality ; Rule of law ; Science and Technology Development ; Services ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Worldwide governance indicators ; Aggregate indexes ; Corruption ; Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Government effectiveness ; Human development ; Information Security and Privacy ; National Governance ; Political stability ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Regulatory quality ; Rule of law ; Science and Technology Development ; Services ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Worldwide governance indicators
    Abstract: Aggregate indexes of the quality of governance, covering large samples of countries, are widely used in research and in aid policy. Few studies examine the validity of these indexes, however. This paper partially fills this gap by examining empirically the dimensionality of the Worldwide Governance Indicators. The six indexes purportedly measure distinct concepts of control of corruption, rule of law, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, political stability, and voice and accountability. Using standard statistical techniques for testing measurement validity, the analysis concludes that the six indexes do not discriminate usefully among different aspects of governance. Rather, each of the indexes merely reflects perceptions of the quality of governance more broadly. An implication of the findings is that the Worldwide Governance Indicator indexes are frequently misused in research and policy applications, where it is commonly assumed that the indexes provide distinct measures of different aspects of the quality of governance. A further implication is that Transparency International's even more widely-known aggregate index similarly reflects perceptions not only of corruption, as intended, but of the quality of governance more broadly
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Foreign aid and market-liberalizing reform (2005)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3557
    Parallel Title: Heckelman, Jac C Foreign aid and market-liberalizing reform
    Keywords: Economic assistance ; Free enterprise ; Free trade ; International trade ; Economic assistance ; Free enterprise ; Free trade ; International trade
    Abstract: "Market-oriented economic policies-reflected in limited economic activity by government, protection of private property rights, sound monetary policy, outward orientation regarding trade and efficient tax and regulatory policy-have been strongly linked to faster rates of economic growth. Foreign aid is often provided in the belief that it encourages liberalizing reforms in these areas. This paper analyzes the impact of aid on market-liberalizing policy reform, correcting for the possible endogeneity of aid. Results indicate that higher aid slowed reform over the 1980-2000 period, as measured by a broad index of policies. Disaggregating policy into five areas, aid is significantly linked to slower reform in some policy areas but not in others. Disaggregating by decade, aid's adverse impact on policy reform is much more pronounced for the 1980s than for the 1990s. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/11/2005 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia : a critique of the cross-country indicators (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3968
    Parallel Title: Knack, Stephen F Measuring corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    Keywords: Political corruption ; Political corruption ; Political corruption ; Political corruption
    Abstract: "This paper assesses corruption levels and trends among countries in the transition countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) based on data from several sources that are both widely used and cover most or all countries in the region. Data from firm surveys tend to show improvement in most types of administrative corruption, but little change in "state capture" in the region. Broader, subjective corruption indicators tend to show somewhat greater improvement in ECA than in non-ECA countries on average. A "primer on corruption indicators" discusses definitional and methodological differences among data sources that may account in large part for the apparently conflicting messages they often provide. This discussion concludes that depending on one's purpose, it may be more appropriate to use data from a single source rather than a composite index because of the loss of conceptual precision in aggregation. A second conclusion is that the gains in statistical precision from aggregating sources of corruption data likely are far more modest than often claimed because of interdependence among data sources. The range of detailed corruption measures available in firm surveys are exploited to show that broad, perceptions-based corruption assessments appear to measure primarily administrative corruption, despite their stated criteria placing great weight on "state capture." Finally, the paper emphasizes the need for scaling up data initiatives to fill significant gaps between our conceptual definitions of corruption and the operational definition embodied in the existing measures. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Also available in print.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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