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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  14,8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,8
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: political Islam ; Islamism ; post-foundationalism ; discursive tradition ; social configuration ; Islamicity ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The exploration of the quiddity of political Islam and the diverse range of categories and terms associated with it has emerged as a prominent research agenda within the social and political sciences. The application of these terms to a wide array of heterogeneous phenomena and currents among Muslim populations worldwide, coupled with the utilization of multiple theoretical approaches to define and formulate them within the realm of social studies, has posed significant challenges to their usage. The inherent ambiguity and lack of determinacy surrounding the dominant categories and definitions prevalent in the study of political Islam have led to a decline in their explanatory capacity, giving rise to a host of theoretical, methodological, normative, and political dilemmas and predicaments. This problematic state, compounded by the extensive body of research in the field of political Islam, necessitates an epistemological interrogation into the prevailing categories and definitions within this scholarly domain. Through a critical examination of prevailing definitions within the field, particularly in relation to the idea of foundation, the present article draws on the post-foundationalist approach to propose a distinctive conceptual apparatus for understanding and interpreting the phenomena categorized under political Islam. By juxtaposing the notions of discursive tradition and social configuration, the article endeavors to construct a nuanced understanding of political Islam that not only incorporates and comprehends the singular characteristics of the objects of inquiry but also encompasses varying levels of universality in elucidating the social phenomena observed among Muslims and in the Islamic world.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  7
    Language: English
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: social configuration ; post-foundationalism ; contingency ; Norbert Elias ; historical constellation ; orders of category ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Modern social sciences arose during a period of classical modernity in which discovering universal rules between distinct phenomena was the most prominent criterion of scientific knowledge. Social phenomena were considered in the form of isolated, determined, standardized, and regulated objects whose knowledge, like that of the natural sciences, depended on the understanding of universal laws. The accidental and the contingent were eliminated in favor of universal laws. With the intensifying of modernity and the transition to late and liquid modernity, and by suspending many dominant cognitive categories, this kind of essentialist foundationalism was attacked by a variety of anti/non-foundationalist criticism that subscribed to either plural grounds or groundlessness, a bottomless ground in which scientific knowledge at a high level lost its significance. This predicament has given rise to several biases and antinomies in modern social theory. By addressing some of these predicaments and antinomies, including foundationalism/non(anti-)foundationalism, agency/structure, the individual/society, essentialism/relativism, and universalism/singularism, the present article strives to propose the idea of social configurations as a solution to overcome them, and through this endeavor, it is indicated that considering these configurations can effectively explain emerging and interrelated global phenomena. By prioritizing the conditions of possibility for social phenomena, and taking into account their contingency, as well as the incompleteness and partiality of their foundations, social configurations are considered as units at the level of the particular whose relationality, indeterminacy, interdependence, and fluidity constitute their central features.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,3
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: cosmopolitanization ; indeterminacy ; post-foundationalism ; social configuration ; Iranian youth ; Iranian everyday life ; IRI’s politics of identity ; the politics of hybridity ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: An emerging disparity within contemporary social science highlights a disconnection between the world in the process of metamorphosing and cosmopolitanization and the knowledge of the social world that is still trapped in the cognitive assumptions of modern episteme, which provided the conditions for the emergence of modern social sciences a century ago. This divide inhibits the efficacy of social analysis in comprehending and elucidating contemporary phenomena. This article advocates for a shift in the ontology of social theory and science towards the cosmopolitanization of the world, characterized by the prioritization of indeterminacy and fluidity in the construction of social phenomena. It investigates the epistemological implications and prerequisites of this ontological transformation, favoring a post-foundationalist approach as the most suitable epistemological framework. In response to the challenges posed by the uncertainty and indeterminacy of cosmopolitanization, after reviewing some of the existing theoretical efforts to address and provide alternatives to this challenge, the article proposes the examination of social configurations as the most fitting subjects for study. This approach necessitates the suspension of conventional, given, regulated categories, and trans-historical theories. It underscores the importance of recognizing configurations as incomplete, contingent units shaped within specific historical contexts and moments. The fluidity, relationality, and indeterminacy of configurations situated between the universal and the singular make them suitable for analysis at the level of particular. After elaborating on the most important features of social configurations, finally, by employing the proposed theoretical framework, this article aims to investigate its effectiveness in analyzing the process of identity construction among Iranian youth in Tehran in the context of the cosmopolitanization of reality, particularly in the face of the Islamist regime of Iran’s official politics of identity. Through a review and revision of selected empirical studies on youth identity construction in the consumer spaces of Tehran, based on the idea of social configurations within the framework of cosmopolitanization, it is argued that the genuine understanding of identity politics in contemporary Iran is not rooted in conventional analytical norms and categories but rather in a comprehensible conceptual apparatus characterized by fluidity and indeterminacy, capable of effectively making sense of the conflict between the politics of determinacy and indeterminacy in Iranian everyday life.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  7
    Language: English
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Ulrich Beck ; risk society ; individualization ; reflexive modernity ; cosmopolitanism ; methodological cosmopolitanism ; Pierre Bourdieu ; cosmopolitan field ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Current global crises and threats have revealed the growing implications of Ulrich Beck's theory of risk society. Rather than being a theory of risk, risk society theory is more a social theory of the new social world and modernity. Risk society theory encompasses a new social ontology of the social in the era of uncertainties and crises. Beck also proposes the cosmopolitan outlook and particularly methodological cosmopolitanism as the epistemology and methodology of the world risk society. Yet, a close examination of Beck's social theory reveals a contradiction between the two aspects. On the one hand, in the ontological dimension, we are faced with the primacy of the indeterminate and the empirical, but on the other hand, Beck's epistemological prescriptive eliminate the possibility of reaching them. The current article aims to address this incompatibility. In doing so, first, the main pillars of risk society theory, and then the cosmopolitan outlook and sociology are discussed. By criticizing Beck's epistemological apparatus as well as juxtaposing the theory of risk society and Pierre Bourdieu's theory of action and fields, in the final section, the article proposes a solution to complete the ontology of risk society and overcome some of its epistemological problems.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
    Angaben zur Quelle: 9
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: social field ; social configuration ; global field theory ; configurational field analysis ; Pierre Bourdieu ; indeterminacy ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This paper advances the theory of Configurational Field Analysis (CFA) as a reconfiguration of Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, aiming to address the limitations of Global Field Theory in analyzing the complexities of global and transnational phenomena. While the concept of the Global Field extended Bourdieu’s ideas to transnational and global arenas, it has been critiqued for its structural determinism, Eurocentrism, and its inability to fully capture the fluid, indeterminate, and contingent nature of global social dynamics. In response, this paper introduces social configurations as dynamic, relational constructs that emerge from specific historical and contextual conditions, rather than as fixed and universal structures. By integrating the concept of social configurations into field theory, CFA reconceptualizes social spaces as fluid and contested arenas where power, capital, and influence are continually negotiated. The paper proceeds by revisiting the foundations and critiques of Global Field Theory, followed by the introduction of social configurations and their theoretical advantages. Finally, it presents Configurational Field Analysis as a comprehensive framework, detailing its analytical steps and demonstrating its applicability to contemporary global issues. This framework not only addresses the methodological and analytical gaps in Global Field Theory but also offers a more adaptable and context-sensitive approach for understanding the complexities of global interactions.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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