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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (201 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2025
    DDC: 630
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; biodiversitätsfreundliche Landwirtschaft ; Erhaltung der Biodiversität ; Agrarumweltmaßnahmen (AUM) ; Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik (GAP) ; Motivationen der Landwirte ; nachhaltige Landwirtschaft ; Umweltethik ; Fragmentierung von Habitaten ; ökologische Korridore ; biodiversity-friendly farming ; biodiversity conservation ; agri-environment measures (AEM) ; Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) ; farmer motivations ; sustainable agriculture ; environmental ethics ; habitat fragmentation ; ecological corridors ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Landwirt:innen prägen Agrarlandschaften und beeinflussen die Biodiversität maßgeblich. Ein tiefgehendes Verständnis ihrer Entscheidungen zu biodiversitätsfreundlichen Maßnahmen (BFFM) ist essenziell für wirksame Biodiversitätsstrategien. Diese sollen nicht nur Anreize schaffen, sondern auch Maßnahmen auf Landschaftsebene koordinieren. Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, die Faktoren des Biodiversitätsmanagements europäischer Landwirt:innen zu untersuchen, insbesondere ihre Verhaltensweisen, Wahrnehmungen und räumlichen Entscheidungsprozesse. Die Arbeit umfasst drei aufeinander aufbauende Studien: (i) eine systematische Literaturanalyse zu Motiven und Hindernissen für BFFM, (ii) qualitative Interviews zur Wahrnehmung von Biodiversität und deren Schutz sowie (iii) ein räumliches Entscheidungsexperiment zu Präferenzen für die Platzierung linearer Biodiversitätsmaßnahmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass betriebliche Entscheidungen durch ein komplexes Zusammenspiel verschiedener Faktoren beeinflusst werden. Über wirtschaftliche und praktische Gesichtspunkte hinaus sind diese Entscheidungen tief in Wertvorstellungen und der Wahrnehmung von Biodiversität verwurzelt. Wenngleich die meisten Befragten ihre landwirtschaftlichen Tätigkeiten möglichst wenig beeinträchtigen wollten, erkannten sie die ökologische Relevanz ihrer Arbeit und waren offen für Anpassungen, sofern sich Möglichkeiten zur Vernetzung bestehender Habitate ergaben. Die erheblichen regionalen Unterschiede verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit, Biodiversitätsstrategien an spezifische sozioökonomische, kulturelle und ökologische Kontexte anzupassen. Die Berücksichtigung intrinsischer Werte und der kulturellen Verbundenheit mit dem Land kann die Akzeptanz und das Engagement fördern. Zudem kann eine gezielte Abschätzung der Bereitschaft zur Habitatvernetzung die Planung ökologischer Netzwerke optimieren und Transaktionskosten senken, indem Wildtierkorridore mit Präferenzen der Landwirt:innen abgestimmt werden.
    Abstract: Farmers are key actors in agricultural landscapes and have a profound impact on biodiversity. Understanding their decisions to adopt biodiversity-friendly farming measures (BFFM) is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies that not only motivate farmers but also coordinate their efforts to achieve greater biodiversity outcomes at the landscape scale. This dissertation aims to explore the factors that influence farmers’ biodiversity management across Europe, integrating behavioural, perceptual, and spatial dimensions of their decision-making processes. Three interrelated studies were conducted: (i) a systematic literature review synthesising evidence on motivations for and barriers to BFFM adoption, (ii) qualitative interviews exploring farmers’ perceptions of biodiversity and its management, and (iii) a spatial choice experiment investigating preferences for the placement of linear biodiversity measures. The studies show that farmers’ biodiversity management decisions are shaped by a complex interplay of factors. Beyond economic and practical concerns, these decisions are deeply rooted in farmers’ values and perceptions of biodiversity. Although most farmers sought to minimise disturbance to their farming activities, they recognised the ecological significance of their practices at the landscape level and were willing to adapt them where opportunities arose to connect habitats. The considerable regional variability indicates that biodiversity conservation strategies need to be tailored to the specific socio-economic, cultural, and environmental contexts. Conservation measures that resonate with farmers’ intrinsic values and cultural connections to the land may increase adoption and commitment. In view of the habitat fragmentation, predicting farmers’ willingness to participate in connectivity measures can inform efficient ecological network planning and reduce transaction costs by aligning potential corridors with their preferences.
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 13,23
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: social trust ; environmental peacebuilding ; sustainable development ; natural resource management ; sustainable cocoa production ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Social cohesion plays a key role in processes of peacebuilding and sustainable development. Fostering social cohesion might present a potential to enhance the connection of natural resource management and peacebuilding and better functioning of sustainable land use systems. This contribution explores the nexus between social cohesion, natural resource management, and peacebuilding. We do so by (1) reviewing literature on the three concepts and (2) studying four different key action areas in the context of sustainable cocoa production for their potential to enhance social cohesion, namely (a) agroforestry; (b) cooperatives; (c) certification schemes; and (d) trade policies. Research is based on experience from cocoa production in two post-conflict countries, Côte d’Ivoire and Colombia. Our findings show that by fostering environmentally sustainable agricultural practices, these key action areas have a clear potential to foster social cohesion among cocoa producers and thus provide a valuable contribution to post-conflict peacebuilding in both countries. However, the actual effects strongly depend on a multitude of local factors which need to be carefully taken into consideration. Further, the focus in implementation of some of these approaches tends to be on increasing agricultural productivity and not directly on fostering cocoa farmers’ wellbeing and societal relations, and hence a shift toward social objectives is needed in order to strengthen these approaches as a part of overall peacebuilding strategies.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 59,6, Seiten 873-893
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Nutrition ; food security ; development interventions ; probit model ; propensity score matching ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Rigorous experiments show that nutrition-sensitive intervention programs can contribute to improved food and nutrition security (FNS) of rural households in low-and middle-income countries. Targeted individuals may, however, choose to engage with the intervention package at different intensities. It is yet unclear to what extent individual participation in more interventions influences FNS outcomes. Positive links would justify efforts by development stakeholders to diversify intervention packages and enable, encourage, or incentivize beneficiaries to participate in many different interventions. Using cross-sectional data from 2733 households across seven countries, we first estimate effects of a multi-sectoral intervention program using probit regressions, propensity score matching, and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment. Over the course of the three-year program, beneficiaries joined 8.3 interventions, on average. We find that targeted households were 6–9 percent more likely to be food secure, and targeted women and children were 15–17 percent more likely to consume a nutrient-adequate diet. Our estimates show that, across three indicators of FNS, each additional intervention increased the probability of achieving positive outcomes by about 1 percent. We conclude that investments in diversified intervention programs can be justified by stronger FNS benefits. Development stakeholders could enable strong individual participation by reducing transaction and opportunity costs of participation.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 12,2
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: socio-ecological justice ; social learning ; inclusive decision-making ; community participation ; social capital ; collective action ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Geowissenschaften
    Abstract: Protected areas are a fundamental element for the protection of ecological integrity and, in some cases, the livelihood of local communities worldwide. They are also embedded in socio-ecological systems, and their management is subject to various political, economic, and social influences. Good governance of protected areas is recognized as a decisive aspect of ecological conservation, which is at risk in institutional contexts where there is a weak scope of action alongside issues with misrecognition of key actors and their representation in procedures. In this context, the present study case aims to assess the performance of the Río Negro National Park governance system in terms of effectiveness and justice to enable the identification of strategies to improve this protected area governance system for the achievement of its desired outcomes. Using the social-ecological systems approach, this paper proposes an analytical framework for the performance assessment, including both the effectiveness and justice of the governance of socio-ecological systems, stemming from the socio-ecological justice framework. It uses mixed methods based on semi-structured in-depth interviews supplemented by a focus group discussion, participant observation, and secondary data analysis. Results show that the governance of Río Negro National Park is negatively impacted by low-capacity, a lack of human, financial, and technical resources, as well as the lack of recognition of the indigenous community of the Yshiro and the rural community as key actors, leading to a lack of representation of their interests, values, and knowledge in norm-making and decision-making processes. The findings unveil some windows for improvement through better-designed environmental policies specifically based on collective action and social learning. The results demonstrate that effectiveness and justice influence each other and, therefore, are deeply intertwined. From the assessment conducted, the paper highlights the components of the governance system that should be improved to achieve good governance of the protected area as a socio-ecological system, promoting the ecological integrity and the dignity of life (socio-ecological justice) of the individuals and communities that are part of this system.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0968-6673 , 0968-6673
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 30,6, Seiten 2130-2154
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: gender, race and class intersections ; marginalized community ; politics of care ; socioenvironmental initiative ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The Buckets Revolution is a local non-governmental organization arisen from an initiative implemented in a favela, a marginalized community in the South of Brazil, led and conducted by its women to resist their condition of intersected subordinations and address the socioenvironmental problems caused by the lack of public care. Based on the understanding that women of the Buckets Revolution developed a particular politics of care, this study investigates the configuration of the complex relations between their political practice and the responsibility for care—understood as a core element of women's intersected subordination, and simultaneously, a central value for a new and revolutionary politics of care. From a qualitative approach, the case study is based on an intersectional feminist theoretical framework, epistemology, and methodological design, necessary for the analysis of gender in the South, where its imbrications with race, class, and nation compose a complex, diverse, and unequal scenario. In that sense, the women of the Buckets Revolution, by occupying a social place where these axes of subordination intersect more intensely, offer a “vantage point” to make more visible the processes of domination and resistance on both national and global levels—that is, both in Brazilian society and in an otherwise increasingly interdependent world shaped by neoliberal globalization. The gendered intersectional outline is conducted through the combination of data collection techniques, including participant observation, focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and bibliographical research. The results show that, with their revolutionary politics of care, the women of the Buckets Revolution built a contextualized, horizontal, and bottom-up care-based counter-hegemonic alternative to address the socioenvironmental problems that resulted from intersected subordinations in the Brazilian context, and more broadly, in the contemporary neoliberal global order.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 8,9
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: governance models ; Colombian Llanos ; Cultura Llanera ; extractivism ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Increasingly, the developmental model of anthropic and extractive interventions is a global concern. Its impacts are challenging not only the precarious equilibrium of natural resources but also the one of local communities and identities. The case of the Colombian Llanos shows how the local culture of the Cultura Llanera (CL) is deep-rooted with natural resources, their use and their management. Throughout the use of a survey based on the Governance Analytical Framework (GAF), this paper presents and discusses shared problems and social norms. The collective perception of local groups shows that the CL, in particular traditional livestock practices in flooded savannahs, is a key element for the sustainable development of the region. Furthermore, it reveals that agricultural and extractive activities, primarily rice and oil, are considered the main threats to both the ecosystem and the protection of the CL.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1387-585X , 1387-585X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
    Angaben zur Quelle: , Seiten 1-19
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Socio-ecological innovation ; Transformative learning ; Community-based food systems ; Triple-loop learning ; Endogenous social learning ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In neglected communities, waste and organic residues are not only a vector of several problems, like diseases and water pollution, but also a contributor to increasing forms of vulnerability and marginalization. At the same time, these communities also have presented innovative local initiatives and transformative learning about natural resources management that can be a vehicle for achieving more sustainable food systems. In the south of Brazil, community-based organic residue management has shown an extraordinary potential to improve food security and livelihoods for (≈1600) community members of a vulnerable urban territory. In this context, the overall objective of this article is (a) To better understand what Social Learning (SL) processes related to successful organic residues management in neglected communities exist and (b) To identify what knowledge systems are created in one empirical case. The study case is based on a communitarian waste management project, the Bucket Revolution Project (BRP). The analytical framework builds upon social learning theory and its triple-loop process focusing on four specific phenomena. The applied mixed-methods approach was made in four steps: 1. a focus group to investigate collective community issues; 2. semi-structured interviews to investigate specific and individual issues in the context of the BRP; 3. social media analysis to better understand the BRP narratives; and finally 4. participant observation in community and institutional meetings. Mainly using MaxQda software and coding indicators of SL, the data show that “Diversity of knowledge integration” is the most identified SL indicator in the interviews (52%). For BRP, identity development, community conditions improvement, and environment understanding are three key components of the knowledge system enhanced through an underlying process of social learning. Furthermore, the study also shows that there are endogenous and exogenous social learning processes at work.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (273 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2020
    DDC: 630
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Umweltpolitik ; lokale Regierungsführung ; Kolumbien ; Paraguay ; environmental governance ; local governance ; Colombia ; Paraguay ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche ; Öffentliche Verwaltung von Wirtschaft und Umwelt ; Kultur und Institutionen ; Staatsformen und Regierungssysteme
    Abstract: Die folgenden Arbeiten folgen einem vergleichenden Ansatz zweier ausgewählter Gebiete Südamerikas, um die Komplexität der Governance-Prozesse zu strukturieren. Sie konzentriert sich auf das kolumbianische Llanos- und das paraguayische Pantanal-Gebiet und korreliert die räumliche Beziehung der von natürlichen Ressourcen abhängigen Gemeinden mit sozioökonomischen und ökologischen Veränderungen, Macht und hierarchischer Struktur auf allen Ebenen, politischer Dynamik und Programmen zur Einbindung von Stakeholdern. Die Hypothese hinter dieser Arbeit ist, dass die Verwendung einer geklärten, nicht-normativen Governance-Perspektive in der sozio-ökonomischen und politischen Forschung zu einem besseren Verständnis sozio-ökonomischer und politischer Prozesse beitragen kann, einschließlich formaler und informeller Prozesse, die in größere und kleinere soziale Systeme eingebettet sind, sowie sowohl vertikale als auch horizontale sozio-ökonomische und politische Arrangements. Über die Entwicklung eines spezifischen Rahmens für die CBG hinaus werden zwei praktische und methodische Instrumente generiert. Das Community-Based Governance Manual (CBGM), einschließlich einer Fallstudie über das kolumbianische Llanos, und die Guidelines to Strengthen CBGG in the Paraguayan Pantanal (CBGG) versuchen, die politische, wirtschaftliche und soziale Analyse von Gemeindeakteuren sowie Szenarien zur Bewältigung der sie betreffenden sozio-ökologischen und sozio-ökonomischen Probleme zu fördern. Der CBGM und der CBGG können als konkrete und greifbare Auswirkungen auf Feldebene sowie als gültige Prognosen für die erwartete zukünftige Entwicklung von lokalen und ökologischen Governance-Modellen angesehen werden.
    Abstract: The following work develops the Community-Based Governance (CBG), a bottom-up organizational model, ought to increase the participation of local groups in the planning, research, development, management, and formulation of policies and strategies for the wider community. It follows a comparative approach of two selected areas of South America in order to structure the complexity of governance processes: the Colombian Llanos and the Paraguayan Pantanal, correlating the spatial relation of natural resource-dependent communities with socio-economic and environmental changes, along with power and hierarchical structure at all scales, political dynamics, and stakeholder engagement schemes. The hypothesis behind this work is that using a clarified, non-normative governance perspective in socio-economic and policy research can contribute to an improved understanding of socio-economic and political processes, including formal and informal ones, those embedded in larger and smaller social systems, as well as both vertical and horizontal socio-economic and political arrangements. Beyond the development of a specific framework for CBG, two practical and methodological tools are generated. The Community-Based Governance Manual (CBGM), including a case study of the Colombian Llanos, and the Guidelines to Strengthen CBG in the Paraguayan Pantanal (CBGG) seek to promote the political, economic, and social analysis of community actors as well as scenarios addressing the socio-environmental and socio-economic problems that affect them. CBGM and CBGG may be regarded as concrete and tangible impacts on the field, as well as valid outlooks on expected future development of local and environmental governance models.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ernährungssicherung ; Technologietransfer ; Mosambik ; Lebensmittelverarbeitung ; Food Security ; Technology Transfer ; Mozambique ; Food Processing ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Das Sozialverhalten beeinflussende Faktoren ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
    Abstract: In dieser Dissertation werden die Resultate eines optimal gestalteten Energieeinsatzes bei der Lebensmittelverarbeitung auf die Lebensmittelqualität und die entsprechenden Auswirkungen auf die Ernährungssicherheit im ländlichen Mosambik untersucht. Sie ergänzt die aktuelle wissenschaftliche Literatur, da sie 1) ein ganzheitliches Verständnis von Ernährungssicherung und der zugrundeliegenden Treiber vermittelt. Darüber hinaus trägt sie 2) zum Verständnis der technischen Leistungsfähigkeit optimal konzipierter Lebensmittelverarbeitungs- und -Lebensmittelzubereitungstechnologien bei. Diese Dissertation liefert zudem 3) Erkenntnisse über die Verbraucherakzeptanz, der mit diesen Technologien verarbeiteten und zubereiteten Lebensmittel. Weiterhin stellt sie 4) die Auswirkungen von neu eingeführten Lebensmittelverarbeitungstechnologie auf die Ernährungssicherheit dar. Schließlich wird 5) die Bedeutung des „Verbreitungsansatzes“ für den Erfolg der Einführung von „Clean Cooking“ Technologien diskutiert. Um all diesen Aspekten gerecht zu werden besteht diese Dissertation aus acht Kapiteln und die Ergebnisse werden in fünf einzelnen Unterkapitel vorgestellt. Die generellen Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation sind, dass erstens die in dieser Arbeit dargestellten Technologien nachhaltig und kosteneffizient genug sind um, zumindest temporär, die vorherrschenden traditionellen Methoden der Lebensmittelverarbeitung und Lebensmittelzubereitung zu ersetzen. Zweitens ist der Zugang zu Energie durch passive Solartrockner eine wichtige Komponente im Kampf gegen den Hunger und generelle Ernährungsunsicherheit. Drittens sollten Regierungen und relevante Akteure in den Kampf gegen Hunger und Energieunsicherheit die lokalen Kontexte in ihre Planungen einbeziehen und die entsprechenden und angemessenen Bildungs- oder Informationsansätze wählen.
    Abstract: This dissertation explores the effects of optimally designed processing energy usage on food quality and the respective impacts on FNS in rural Mozambique. It adds to the current literature, as it provides 1) a holistic understanding of the nature of FNS and its underlying drives. Furthermore, 2) it adds to the understanding of the technical performance of optimally designed food processing and preparation technologies. 3) The dissertation provides insights concerning users’ acceptability of the food processed and prepared through these technologies. 4) The effects of the newly introduced food processing technology on FNS are presented. Last – but not least – 5) it discusses the importance of the dissemination approach for the success of clean cooking adoption. This PhD dissertation is comprised of 8 chapters and the results are presented in five individual subchapters. The general conclusions of this thesis are that 1) the improved technologies presented in this study are sustainable and cost-effective means to substitute, at least temporarily, the prevailing traditional methods of food processing and food preparation; 2) energy provision through the use of passive solar drying is an essential component in the fight against food and nutrition insecurity and 3) governments and relevant stakeholders involved in energy and food security programs are advised to consider the local context to identify the most adequate training or information delivery technique.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0300-7839 , 0300-7839
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: New York, NY [u.a.] : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 51,2, Seiten 221-235
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Community-based natural resource management ; Conflict ; Cooperation ; Environmental peacebuilding ; Framework ; Social-ecological systems ; Cesar ; Colombia ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In conflict studies, environmental peacebuilding (EPB) has become an established concept to explain how environmental cooperation among opposing parties provides a platform for peacebuilding. EPB literature has been shaped predominantly by political science perspectives, initially with a focus on interstate conflicts, and ecological dynamics have received little attention to date. Building on the Social-Ecological Systems Framework (SESF), we develop a framework for community-based EPB and test it in post-conflict settings in the department of Cesar, Colombia. We use a qualitative mixed-methods approach, with 26 semi-structured interviews, six focus group discussions, and a World Café session with 30 participants. Our findings show that in six cases communities self-organize to access, conserve, and defend water and land resources while striving to achieve recognition of their civic rights by state actors. A central outcome of cooperation within and among communities is the (re)construction of collective and territorial identities and increased social cohesion. However, community-based EPB does not contribute to improving relations between communities and the private sector or the state, thus failing to strengthen actor relationships that are essential for Colombian peacebuilding. Despite limitations of this exploratory analysis, our approach proves fruitful for integrating ecological aspects in the understanding of EPB. To further develop the EPB concept, future research should look to other disciplines to diversify the understanding of key terms like resource value, cooperation, and peace.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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