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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Adult Mortality And Consumption Growth In The Age of HIV/AIDS (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen Adult Mortality And Consumption Growth In The Age of HIV/AIDS
    Keywords: Adult Mortality ; Aids ; Aids Epidemic ; Brown Issues and Health ; Childbearing ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Consumption ; Demographic Impact ; Demographics ; Disease Control and Prevention ; Diseases ; Economic Status ; Environment ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; HIV ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Heterosexual Contact ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mortality of Men ; Policy ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Poverty Lines ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor ; Adult Mortality ; Aids ; Aids Epidemic ; Brown Issues and Health ; Childbearing ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Consumption ; Demographic Impact ; Demographics ; Disease Control and Prevention ; Diseases ; Economic Status ; Environment ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; HIV ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Heterosexual Contact ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mortality of Men ; Policy ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Poverty Lines ; Poverty Reduction ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: The authors use a 13-year panel of individuals in Tanzania to assess how adult mortality shocks affect both short and long-run consumption growth of surviving household members. Using unique data which tracks individuals from 1991 to 2004, they examine consumption growth, controlling for a set of initial community, household and individual characteristics. The effect is identified using the sample of households in 2004 which grew out of baseline households. The authors find robust evidence that an affected household will see consumption drop 7 percent within the first five years after the adult death. With high growth in the sample over this time period, this creates a 19 percentage point growth gap with the average household. There is some evidence of persistent effects of these shocks for up to 13 years, but these effects are imprecisely estimated and not significantly different from zero. The impact of female adult death is found to be particularly severe
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Adult Mortality And Children's Transition Into Marriage (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (21 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen Adult Mortality And Children's Transition Into Marriage
    Keywords: Sterblichkeit ; AIDS ; Kinder ; Ehe ; Tansania ; Adolescent Health ; Adult Mortality ; Demographics ; Diseases ; Epidemic ; Family Members ; Fertility ; Focus Group Discussions ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; HIV ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital ; Illness ; Impact On Fertility ; Life Expectancy ; Marriage ; Population Policies ; Population and Development ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Adult Mortality ; Demographics ; Diseases ; Epidemic ; Family Members ; Fertility ; Focus Group Discussions ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; HIV ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital ; Illness ; Impact On Fertility ; Life Expectancy ; Marriage ; Population Policies ; Population and Development ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: Adult mortality due to HIV/AIDS and other diseases is posited to affect children through a number of pathways. On top of health and education outcomes, adult mortality can have significant effects on children by influencing demographic outcomes including the timing of marriage. The authors examine marriage outcomes for a sample of children interviewed in Tanzania in the early 1990s and re-interviewed in 2004. They find that while girls who became paternal orphans married at significantly younger ages, orphanhood had little effect on boys. On the other hand, non-parental deaths in the household affect the timing of marriage for boys
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Long-Run Impact of Orphanhood (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen The Long-Run Impact of Orphanhood
    Keywords: Aged ; Education ; Extended families ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health effects ; Health outcomes ; Health services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Mortality ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Research ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Vaccination ; Workers ; Young adults ; Youth and Government ; Aged ; Education ; Extended families ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Health effects ; Health outcomes ; Health services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Mortality ; Population Policies ; Primary Education ; Social Research ; Street Children ; Urban Development ; Vaccination ; Workers ; Young adults ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: This paper presents unique evidence that orphanhood matters in the long run for health and education outcomes, in a region of Northwestern Tanzania. The paper studies a sample of 718 non-orphaned children surveyed in 1991-94, who were traced and re-interviewed as adults in 2004. A large proportion, 19 percent, lost one or more parents before the age of 15 in this period, allowing the authors to assess the permanent health and education impacts of orphanhood. The analysis controls for a wide range of child and adult characteristics before orphanhood, as well as community fixed effects. The findings show that maternal orphanhood has a permanent adverse impact of 2 cm of final height attainment and one year of educational attainment. Expressing welfare in terms of consumption expenditure, the result is a gap of 8.5 percent compared with similar children whose mother survived till at least their 15th birthday
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464811661
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (418 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Africa Development Forum
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Poverty remains a pervasi ...
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1164-7
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi's Public Works Program on Food Security (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Beegle, Kathleen Direct and Indirect Effects of Malawi's Public Works Program on Food Security
    Abstract: Labor-intensive public works programs are important social protection tools in low-income settings, intended to supplement income of poor households and improve public infrastructure. In this evaluation of the Malawi Social Action Fund, an at-scale, government-operated program, across- and within-village randomization is used to estimate effects on food security and use of fertilizer. There is no evidence that the program improves food security, and some negative spillovers to untreated households. These disappointing results hold even under modifications to the design of the program to offer work during the lean rather than harvest season or increase the frequency of payments
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7505
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Demographic and Socioeconomic Patterns of HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Africa (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Edition: 2009 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen Demographic and Socioeconomic Patterns of HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Africa
    Abstract: Understanding the demographic and socioeconomic patterns of the prevalence and incidence of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa is crucial for developing programs and policies to combat HIV/AIDS. This paper looks critically at the methods and analytical challenges to study the links between socioeconomic and demographic status and HIV/AIDS. Some of the misconceptions about the HIV/AIDS epidemic are discussed and unusual empirical evidence from the existing body of work is presented. Several important messages emerge from the results. First, the study of the link between socioeconomic status and HIV faces a range of challenges related to definitions, samples, and empirical methods. Second, given the large gaps in evidence and the changing nature of the epidemic, there is a need to continue to improve the evidence base on the link between demographic and socioeconomic status and the prevalence and incidence of HIV/AIDS. Finally, it is difficult to generalize results across countries. As the results presented here and in other studies based on Demographic and Health Survey datasets show, few consistent and significant patterns of prevalence by socioeconomic and demographic status are evident
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5076
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Methods of household consumption measurement through surveys : Experimental results from Tanzania (2010)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (49 p)
    Edition: 2010 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen Methods of household consumption measurement through surveys
    Abstract: Consumption expenditure has long been the preferred measure of household living standards. However, accurate measurement is a challenge and household expenditure surveys vary widely across many dimensions, including the level of reporting, the length of the reference period, and the degree of commodity detail. These variations occur both across countries and also over time within countries. There is little current understanding of the implications of such changes for spatially and temporally consistent measurement of household consumption and poverty. A field experiment in Tanzania tests eight alternative methods to measure household consumption on a sample of 4,000 households. There are significant differences between consumption reported by the benchmark personal diary and other diary and recall formats. Under-reporting is particularly relevant in illiterate households and for urban respondents completing household diaries; recall modules measure lower consumption than a personal diary, with larger gaps among poorer households and households with more adult members. Variations in reporting accuracy by household characteristics are also discussed and differences in measured poverty as a result of survey design are explored. The study concludes with recommendations for methods of survey based consumption measurement in low-income countries
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5501
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reliability of Recall in Agricultural Data (2011)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Edition: 2011 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen Reliability of Recall in Agricultural Data
    Abstract: Despite the importance of agriculture to economic development, and a vast accompanying literature on the subject, little research has been done on the quality of the underlying data. Due to survey logistics, agricultural data are usually collected by asking respondents to recall the details of events occurring during past agricultural seasons that took place a number of months prior to the interview. This gap can lead to recall bias in reported data on agricultural activities. The problem is further complicated when interviews are conducted over the course of several months, thus leading to recall of variable length. To test for such recall bias, the length of time between harvest and interview is examined for three African countries with respect to several common agricultural input and harvest measures. The analysis shows little evidence of recall bias impacting data quality. There is some indication that more salient events are less subject to recall decay. Overall, the results allay some concerns about the quality of some types of agricultural data collected through recall over lengthy periods
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5671
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Migration and the Transition to Adulthood in Contemporary Malawi (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen Migration and the Transition to Adulthood in Contemporary Malawi
    Abstract: In many African countries, the timing of important life events-such as school-leaving, first marriage, and entry into the labor market-is thought to be strongly tied to migration. This paper investigates the relationship between major life events, household characteristics, and migration among adolescents and young adults in contemporary Malawi. The specific research questions are twofold. First, what are the socio-economic and demographic determinants of migration? Second, how do school attendance, first marriage, and employment-seeking relate to migration patterns? The study uses panel data collected from a survey designed specifically to explore socioeconomic and demographic aspects of youth transitions to adulthood and which tracked respondents as they moved to new dwellings. Among the sample, they find that moves are not uncommon, and the predominant reasons for moves are non-economic. Although historically ethnic traditions in this area have held that girls and women usually did not move upon marrying, the data show that women were more likely to move between survey rounds than boys and men, and that marriage was the main reason for doing so. Closer ties to the head of the household are associated with less movement for both women and men
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6200
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    HIV Testing, Behavior Change, and the Transition to Adulthood in Malawi (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Beegle, Kathleen HIV Testing, Behavior Change, and the Transition to Adulthood in Malawi
    Abstract: For young adults living in countries with AIDS epidemics, getting an HIV test may influence near-term decisions, such as when to leave school, when to marry, and when to have a first child. These behaviors, which define the transition from adolescence to adulthood, have long-term implications on well-being and directly affect a person's risk of contracting HIV. Using an experimental design embedded in a panel survey from Malawi, this study assesses the impact of voluntary counseling and testing of young adults for HIV on these decisions. The results show negligible intent-to-treat effect of HIV testing on behaviors. There is some suggestive evidence on differential response by wealth and by prior beliefs about one's status
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6825
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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