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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Troubled partnership : U.S.-Turkish relations in an era of global geopolitical change (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047564 , 0833050265 , 0833047566 , 9780833050267
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 138 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Larrabee, F. Stephen Troubled partnership
    Keywords: World politics 1989- ; Geopolitics ; Social change ; National security ; National security ; World politics ; Geopolitics ; Social change ; National security ; National security ; Diplomatic relations ; Military relations ; National security ; Social change ; World politics ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Turkey ; United States ; Geopolitics ; Turkey Military relations ; Turkey Foreign relations ; United States Military relations ; United States Foreign relations ; Turkey ; Turkey ; United States ; United States
    Abstract: Turkey stands at the nexus of four geographic areas of growing strategic importance in the post-Cold War era: the Balkans, the Middle East, the Caucasus/Central Asia, and the Persian Gulf region. In each of these areas, Turkey's cooperation is critical for achieving U.S. policy goals. However, in recent years, especially since 2003, U.S.- Turkish relations have undergone serious strains. Sharp differences over Iraq and the Kurdish issue have been compounded by differences over the Middle East, particularly relations with Iran, Iraq, and Syria. At the same time, Turkey has witnessed a sharp rise in anti-American sentiment. This monograph examines the causes of recent strains in the U.S.-Turkish security partnership and options for reducing these strains
    Abstract: Turkey stands at the nexus of four geographic areas of growing strategic importance in the post-Cold War era: the Balkans, the Middle East, the Caucasus/Central Asia, and the Persian Gulf region. In each of these areas, Turkey's cooperation is critical for achieving U.S. policy goals. However, in recent years, especially since 2003, U.S.- Turkish relations have undergone serious strains. Sharp differences over Iraq and the Kurdish issue have been compounded by differences over the Middle East, particularly relations with Iran, Iraq, and Syria. At the same time, Turkey has witnessed a sharp rise in anti-American sentiment. This monograph examines the causes of recent strains in the U.S.-Turkish security partnership and options for reducing these strains
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 127-138)
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  • 2
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    The Ukrainian crisis and European security : implications for the United States and U.S. Army (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088345 , 0833091409 , 0833088343 , 9780833091406
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 50 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Larrabee, F. Stephen Ukrainian crisis and European security
    Keywords: United States ; United States ; National security ; National security ; Europe ; Russia (Federation) ; Ukraine ; United States ; Diplomatic relations ; National security ; Russia & Former Soviet Republics ; Regions & Countries - Europe ; History & Archaeology ; History ; HISTORY ; Europe ; General ; United States ; United States Foreign relations ; Ukraine Foreign relations ; Ukraine History 1991- ; Russia (Federation) Foreign relations ; Ukraine Foreign relations ; United States ; Ukraine ; Ukraine ; Russia (Federation) ; Ukraine ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Vladimir Putin's decision to annex Crimea and attempt to destabilize eastern Ukraine have sparked widespread concern among Western policymakers that Russia has embarked on a confrontational national security policy that could have far-reaching implications for Russia's relations with the United States and for European stability. The annexation of Crimea challenges two basic assumptions underlying U.S. policy toward Europe in the post-Cold War era: (1) that Europe is essentially stable and secure, thereby freeing the United States to focus greater attention on other areas, particularly Asia and the Middle East, and (2) that Russia had become more of a partner than an adversary. The annexation of Crimea and attempt to destabilize eastern Ukraine suggests that both these assumptions need to be revisited because Russia can hardly be viewed as a partner. The requirement that NATO may now have to build a much more robust deterrence and defense posture in Eastern Europe would require the Army and the Air Force to revisit their planning assumptions that have minimized U.S. military commitments to the region since the end of the Cold War
    Note: "RR-903-A"--Cover page 4 , "Arroyo Center , Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-50)
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  • 3
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    Turkey as a U.S. security partner (2008)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833043023 , 0833044486 , 9781281430281 , 1281430285 , 9780833044488 , 0833043021
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 34 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Larrabee, F. Stephen Turkey as a U.S. security partner
    Keywords: National security ; National security ; National security ; National security ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Diplomatic relations ; National security ; national security ; United States ; national security ; Turkey ; Middle East ; Turkey ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; United States Foreign relations ; Turkey Foreign relations ; United States Foreign relations ; Turkey Foreign relations ; United States ; Turkey ; United States ; Turkey ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Turkey has long been an important U.S. ally, but especially with the end of the Cold War, the relationship has been changing. Divergences between U.S. and Turkish interests have grown, in part because of Turkey's relationships with its neighbors and the tension between its Western identity and its Middle Eastern orientation. Further, relations with the European Union have also deteriorated of late. As a result, Ankara has come to feel that it can no longer rely on its traditional allies, and Turkey is likely to be a more difficult and less predictable partner in the future. While Turkey will continue to want good ties to the United States, it is likely to be drawn more heavily into the Middle East by the Kurdish issue and Iran's nuclear ambitions. Consequently, the tension between Turkey's Western identity and Middle Eastern orientation is likely to grow even more
    Abstract: Turkey has long been an important U.S. ally, but especially with the end of the Cold War, the relationship has been changing. Divergences between U.S. and Turkish interests have grown, in part because of Turkey's relationships with its neighbors and the tension between its Western identity and its Middle Eastern orientation. Further, relations with the European Union have also deteriorated of late. As a result, Ankara has come to feel that it can no longer rely on its traditional allies, and Turkey is likely to be a more difficult and less predictable partner in the future. While Turkey will continue to want good ties to the United States, it is likely to be drawn more heavily into the Middle East by the Kurdish issue and Iran's nuclear ambitions. Consequently, the tension between Turkey's Western identity and Middle Eastern orientation is likely to grow even more
    Note: "RAND Project Air Force , Includes bibliographical references (pages 33-34) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 4
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    The rise of political Islam in Turkey (2008)
    Santa Monica, CA : The RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833044570 , 0833045318 , 0833044575 , 9780833045317
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 113 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rabasa, Angel Rise of political Islam in Turkey
    Keywords: Islam and politics ; Islam History ; Islam and state ; Islam and politics ; Islam ; Islam and state ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Process ; Political Advocacy ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Comparative Politics ; Islam ; Islam and politics ; Islam and state ; Islam ; Religion ; Philosophy & Religion ; Turkey ; History ; Electronic books ; Türkei ; Fundamentalismus ; Islam ; Politik ; Geschichte 2000-2008
    Abstract: Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Politics and Religion in Turkey -- Structure of the report -- The Islamic landscape in Turkey -- Religion, ethnicity and politics -- The management of Islam -- Sufi brotherhoods -- Religious movements -- Islamic foundations -- Islamic schools -- Shi'ites and Alevis -- Turkish attitudes toward religion -- The violent fringe -- Turks in Europe -- The rise of political Islam in Turkey -- The impact of the Kemalist revolution -- The advent of multi-party democracy -- The "Turkish-Islamic synthesis" -- The impact of the Özal reforms -- The rise of the religious right -- Political Islam in power : the welfare interlude -- The impact of the February 28 process -- The ascendency of the AKP -- The July 22, 2007, election -- The AKP in power -- The reconfiguration of Turkish politics -- The AKP : a new synthesis or Islamism in disguise? -- "Green money" -- The headscarf controversy -- The Imam-Hatip schools controversy -- Non-Muslims minorities under AKP rule -- The AKP and the Kurds -- The AKP and the military -- The AKP's uncertain future -- The AKP's foreign policy -- Relations with Europe -- Relations with Greece -- Relations with the United States -- Relations with Russia -- Relations with the Middle East -- Future prospects and implications -- Whither Turkey : alternative political futures -- Scenario 1 : The AKP pursues a moderate, EU-oriented path -- Scenario 2 : Creeping Islamization -- Scenario 3 : Judicial closing of the AKP -- Scenario 4: Military intervention -- Implications for U.S. policy -- Foreign policy and bilateral issues -- The PKK and the Kurdish issue
    Abstract: Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Politics and Religion in Turkey -- Structure of the report -- The Islamic landscape in Turkey -- Religion, ethnicity and politics -- The management of Islam -- Sufi brotherhoods -- Religious movements -- Islamic foundations -- Islamic schools -- Shi'ites and Alevis -- Turkish attitudes toward religion -- The violent fringe -- Turks in Europe -- The rise of political Islam in Turkey -- The impact of the Kemalist revolution -- The advent of multi-party democracy -- The "Turkish-Islamic synthesis" -- The impact of the Özal reforms -- The rise of the religious right -- Political Islam in power : the welfare interlude -- The impact of the February 28 process -- The ascendency of the AKP -- The July 22, 2007, election -- The AKP in power -- The reconfiguration of Turkish politics -- The AKP : a new synthesis or Islamism in disguise? -- "Green money" -- The headscarf controversy -- The Imam-Hatip schools controversy -- Non-Muslims minorities under AKP rule -- The AKP and the Kurds -- The AKP and the military -- The AKP's uncertain future -- The AKP's foreign policy -- Relations with Europe -- Relations with Greece -- Relations with the United States -- Relations with Russia -- Relations with the Middle East -- Future prospects and implications -- Whither Turkey : alternative political futures -- Scenario 1 : The AKP pursues a moderate, EU-oriented path -- Scenario 2 : Creeping Islamization -- Scenario 3 : Judicial closing of the AKP -- Scenario 4: Military intervention -- Implications for U.S. policy -- Foreign policy and bilateral issues -- The PKK and the Kurdish issue
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 103-113)
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  • 5
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    Turkish-Iranian relations in a changing Middle East (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080332 , 0833080334 , 9780833080349 , 0833080350 , 9780833080110 , 0833080342 , 9780833080356
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 46 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series
    Parallel Title: Print version Larrabee, F. Stephen Turkish-Iranian relations in a changing Middle East
    Keywords: POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Trade & Tariffs ; Diplomatic relations ; Iran ; Middle East ; Turkey ; Strategic aspects of individual places ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; Turkey Foreign relations ; Iran Foreign relations ; Middle East Strategic aspects ; Turkey ; Iran ; Middle East ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Turkish-Iranian cooperation has visibly intensified in recent years, thanks in part to Turkish energy needs and Iran's vast oil and natural gas resources. However, Turkey and Iran tend to be rivals rather than close partners. While they may share certain economic and security interests, especially regarding the Kurdish issue, their interests are at odds in many areas across the Middle East. Turkey's support for the opposition in Syria, Iran's only true state ally in the Middle East, is one example. Iraq has also become a field of growing competition between Turkey and Iran. Iran's nuclear program has been a source of strain and divergence in U.S.-Turkish relations. However, the differences between the United States and Turkey regarding Iran's nuclear program are largely over tactics, not strategic goals. Turkey's main fear is that Iran's acquisition of nuclear arms could lead to a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. This, in turn, could increase pressure on the Turkish government to consider developing its own nuclear weapon capability. U.S. and Turkish interests have become more convergent since the onset of the Syrian crisis. However, while U.S. and Turkish interests in the Middle East closely overlap, they are not identical. Thus, the United States should not expect Turkey to follow its policy toward Iran unconditionally. Turkey has enforced United Nations sanctions against Iran but, given Ankara's close energy ties to Tehran, may be reluctant to undertake the harshest measures against Iran
    Abstract: Turkish-Iranian cooperation has visibly intensified in recent years, thanks in part to Turkish energy needs and Iran's vast oil and natural gas resources. However, Turkey and Iran tend to be rivals rather than close partners. While they may share certain economic and security interests, especially regarding the Kurdish issue, their interests are at odds in many areas across the Middle East. Turkey's support for the opposition in Syria, Iran's only true state ally in the Middle East, is one example. Iraq has also become a field of growing competition between Turkey and Iran. Iran's nuclear program has been a source of strain and divergence in U.S.-Turkish relations. However, the differences between the United States and Turkey regarding Iran's nuclear program are largely over tactics, not strategic goals. Turkey's main fear is that Iran's acquisition of nuclear arms could lead to a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. This, in turn, could increase pressure on the Turkish government to consider developing its own nuclear weapon capability. U.S. and Turkish interests have become more convergent since the onset of the Syrian crisis. However, while U.S. and Turkish interests in the Middle East closely overlap, they are not identical. Thus, the United States should not expect Turkey to follow its policy toward Iran unconditionally. Turkey has enforced United Nations sanctions against Iran but, given Ankara's close energy ties to Tehran, may be reluctant to undertake the harshest measures against Iran
    Note: "Prepared for the National Intelligence Council , At head of title: Rand National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-46)
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  • 6
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    NATO and the challenges of austerity (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833068491 , 0833068490 , 9780833068484 , 0833068482 , 9780833068477 , 0833068504 , 0833068474 , 9780833068507
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 115 pages)
    Series Statement: Monograph / Rand Corporation
    Parallel Title: Print version NATO and the challenges of austerity
    DDC: 355/.031091821
    Keywords: North Atlantic Treaty Organization Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; Military policy ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Europe ; North America ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Europe Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; North America Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; Europe Military policy ; North America Military policy ; Europe ; North America ; Europe ; North America ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "In the coming decade, NATO faces growing fiscal austerity and declining defense budgets. This study analyzes the impact of planned defense budget cuts on the capabilities of seven European members of NATO -- the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and Poland -- that together represent more than 80 percent of NATO Europe's defense spending. The result of the anticipated cuts and future financial constraints is that the capacity of the major European powers to project military power will be highly constrained: The air, land, and sea forces of key U.S. European allies are rapidly reaching the point at which they can perform only one moderate-sized operation at a time and will be hard-pressed to meet the rotation requirements of a protracted, small-scale irregular warfare mission. Power projection and sustainment of significant forces outside Europe's immediate neighborhood will be particularly difficult. The authors discuss these challenges in a strategic context, including the operational and planning weaknesses exposed by NATO's intervention in Libya in 2011, and make recommendations for U.S. policy with regard to NATO."--Page 4 of cover
    Abstract: "In the coming decade, NATO faces growing fiscal austerity and declining defense budgets. This study analyzes the impact of planned defense budget cuts on the capabilities of seven European members of NATO -- the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and Poland -- that together represent more than 80 percent of NATO Europe's defense spending. The result of the anticipated cuts and future financial constraints is that the capacity of the major European powers to project military power will be highly constrained: The air, land, and sea forces of key U.S. European allies are rapidly reaching the point at which they can perform only one moderate-sized operation at a time and will be hard-pressed to meet the rotation requirements of a protracted, small-scale irregular warfare mission. Power projection and sustainment of significant forces outside Europe's immediate neighborhood will be particularly difficult. The authors discuss these challenges in a strategic context, including the operational and planning weaknesses exposed by NATO's intervention in Libya in 2011, and make recommendations for U.S. policy with regard to NATO."--Page 4 of cover
    Note: "MG-1196-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-115)
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