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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Valuation of Ecosystem Services in World Bank Group Work (2010)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In 2005, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA, 2005) provided the first comprehensive report on global ecosystems, the dependence of human societies on the services provided, current state, and likely future trajectory. The MA identified the failure to value ecosystem services as a major contributing cause. The 2001 environment strategy did not explicitly address environmental valuation, although the focus on poverty and environment implies a need for valuing natural resources and environmental services. In consultations on the 2010 environment strategy, a wide range of stakeholders stressed the importance of mainstreaming environmental services. To better direct limited resources for environmental valuation and training, a closer look is needed to identify the conditions under which valuation has had an impact on: policy and project design, policy dialogue in client countries, environmental investments, and strengthening the capacity of national institutions. This report presents a review of environmental valuation in World Bank operational and analytical work, identifying what has been done, and the impacts environmental valuation has had. The report identifies the conditions under which valuation is most likely to influence decision-makers, and finally, the implications for the 2010 environment strategy. The report is organized as follows: section one gives context; section two gives introduction; section three gives approach to learning from past experience; section four focuses on coverage of ecosystem services; section five presents prioritizing environmental valuation; section six deals with why environmental valuation not done; and section seven gives recommendations
    DOI: 10.1596/27442
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018 : Building a Sustainable Future (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464810473
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: Countries regularly track gross domestic product (GDP) as an indicator of their economic progress, but not wealth-the assets such as infrastructure, forests, minerals, and human capital that produce GDP. In contrast, corporations routinely report on both their income and assets to assess their economic health and prospects for the future. Wealth accounts allow countries to take stock of their assets to monitor the sustainability of development, an urgent concern today for all countries. The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future covers national wealth for 141 countries over 20 years (1995-2014) as the sum of produced capital, 19 types of natural capital, net foreign assets, and human capital overall as well as by gender and type of employment. Great progress has been made in estimating wealth since the first volume, Where Is the Wealth of Nations? Measuring Capital for the 21st Century, was published in 2006. New data substantially improve estimates of natural capital, and, for the first time, human capital is measured by using household surveys to estimate lifetime earnings. The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018 begins with a review of global and regional trends in wealth over the past two decades and provides examples of how wealth accounts can be used for the analysis of development patterns. Several chapters discuss the new work on human capital and its application in development policy. The book then tackles elements of natural capital that are not yet fully incorporated in the wealth accounts: air pollution, marine fisheries, and ecosystems. This book targets policy makers but will engage anyone committed to building a sustainable future for the planet
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1046-6
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Subjective well-being and peaceful uprisings (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Latin America and the Caribbean Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8705
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Witte, Caroline T Subjective Well-Being and Peaceful Uprisings
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study analyzes whether subjective well-being measures can explain variation in peaceful uprisings, in addition to the objective measures typically used in analyses of this type of events. Using data on uprisings and subjective well-being for 118 countries from 2007 to 2014-a period during which nonviolent conflict became increasingly prevalent-the study finds evidence of a positive effect of life dissatisfaction on the incidence of peaceful uprising, but not its violent counterpart. This effect does not depend on the type of political regime, nor the stage of development, and, to a large extent, it reflects changes in perceived satisfaction with living standards and the ability to have a purposeful and meaningful life
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8705
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mangroves as Protection from Storm Surges in a Changing Climate (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Blankespoor, Brian Mangroves as Protection from Storm Surges in a Changing Climate
    Abstract: Adaptation to climate change includes addressing sea level rise and increased storm surges in many coastal areas. Mangroves can substantially reduce the vulnerability of the adjacent coastal land from inundation and erosion. However, climate change poses a large threat to mangroves. This paper quantifies the coastal protection provided by mangroves for 42 developing countries in the current climate, and a future climate change scenario with a one-meter sea level rise and 10 percent intensification of storms. The benefits of the coastal protection provided by mangroves are measured in terms of population and gross omestic product at a reduced risk from inundation; the loss of benefits under climate change is measured as the increased population and gross domestic product at risk. The findings demonstrate that although sea level rise and increased storm intensity would increase storm surge areas and the amounts of built resources at risk, the greatest impact is the expected loss of mangroves. Under current climate and mangrove coverage, 3.5 million people and roughly USD400 million in gross domestic product of are at risk. In the future climate change scenario, the vulnerable population and gross domestic product at risk would increase by 103 and 233 percent, respectively. The greatest risk is in East Asia, especially in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Myanmar
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7596
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Natural resources and total factor productivity growth in developing countries : testing a new methodology (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Environment and Natural Resources Global Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8704
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hamilton, Kirk E Natural Resources and Total Factor Productivity Growth in Developing Countries: Testing A New Methodology
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Estimates of total factor productivity growth, a measure of increases in the efficiency of production, have traditionally been based on a two-factor model of labor and fixed capital. Because profits are measured residually in the System of National Accounts, they implicitly include rents on natural resource exploitation, with the result that the contribution of fixed capital to growth in the inputs to gross domestic product is misstated, particularly in resource dependent developing countries. This leads to incorrect measures of total factor productivity growth. Using data on natural resources from the World Bank's Wealth of Nations database and methods combining the Solow growth accounting model with recent work at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, this paper makes new estimates of total factor productivity growth for 74 developing countries over 1996-2014. In the aggregate, including natural resources as a factor of production increases estimated total factor productivity growth across all country income classes and regions of the world when compared with the traditional two-factor approach. In addition, the estimated total factor productivity growth including natural resources is less volatile over time in the great majority of countries compared with the traditional approach. The availability of World Bank data on natural resource quantities and rents for a wide range of countries suggests that natural resources should be included in total factor productivity growth estimation going forward. Further research could focus on the distinctive roles played by different natural resource endowments
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8704
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    How Wealthy is Russia? : Measuring Russia's Comprehensive Wealth from 2000-2017 (2019)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Russia is a country of global importance and great diversity. The world's largest transcontinental country spans eleven time zones and is the ninth most populous country in the world. Russia is the main trading partner for many of its more than a dozen neighbors. It is richly endowed with natural resources, which underscores its importance as a global commodity exporter. But how wealthy is Russia, really? Drawing upon the important distinction between wealth and income, this report for the first time, comprehensively measures Russia's national wealth
    DOI: 10.1596/32813
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Environmental accounting in action : case studies from southern Africa (2003)
    Cheltenham : E. Elgar
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781952955
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 223 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Lange, Glenn-Marie Environmental accounting in action
    DDC: 333.7/14/0968
    RVK:
    QP 240
    Keywords: Umweltökonomische Gesamtrechnung ; Ressourcenökonomik ; Mineral ; Forstökonomie ; Fischereiressourcen ; Wasser ; Botsuana ; Namibia ; Südafrika ; Natural resources Case studies Accounting ; Environmental auditing Case studies Accounting ; National income Case studies Accounting ; Electronic books ; Bibliografie ; Südafrika ; Umweltbilanz ; Fallstudiensammlung
    Abstract: Environmental Accounting in Action studies the experiences of Namibia, Botswana and South Africa, the core countries of a unique, regional environmental accounting programme in Southern Africa. Covering minerals, forestry, fisheries and water, each chapter provides important lessons about sustainable resource management. As a whole, the case studies demonstrate how to overcome the many challenges of constructing environmental accounts and the mechanics of successful implementation. By providing a transparent system of information about the relationship between human activities and the environment, the accounts have improved policy dialogue among different stakeholders and have played a significant role in environmental policy design
    Abstract: 1. Basic concepts and methods of natural resource and environmental accounting -- 2. Mineral accounts : managing an exhaustible resource -- 3. Forestry accounts : capturing the value of forest and woodland resources -- 4. Fisheries accounts : management of a recovering fishery -- 5. Water accounts : an economic perspective on managing water scarcity -- 6. Managing natural capital and national wealth
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781781952955
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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