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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Surges and Stops in FDI Flows to Developing Countries : Does the Mode of Entry Make a Difference? (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (57 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Burger, Martijn J Surges and Stops in FDI Flows to Developing Countries
    Abstract: This paper investigates the factors associated with foreign direct investment "surges" and "stops," defined as sharp increases and decreases, respectively, of gross foreign direct investment inflows to the developing world and differentiated based on whether these events are led by waves in greenfield investments or mergers and acquisitions. Greenfield-led surges and stops occur more frequently than mergers and acquisitions-led ones and different factors are associated with the onset of the two types of events. Global liquidity is the only factor significantly associated with a surge, regardless of its kind, while decline in global economic growth and a surge in the preceding year are the only predictors of a stop. Greenfield-led surges and stops are more likely in low-income and resource-rich countries than elsewhere. Global growth, financial openness, and domestic economic and financial instability enable mergers and acquisitions-led surges. These results differ from those in the literature on surges and stops and are particularly relevant in countries where foreign direct investments dominate capital flows
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6771
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Eruptions of popular anger : the economics of the Arab Spring and its aftermath (2018)
    Washington, DC : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464811531
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 152 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: MENA development report
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ianchovichina, Elena Eruptions of popular anger
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Volkswirtschaft ; Politische Unruhen ; MENA-Staaten ; Protestbewegung ; Revolution ; Umsturz ; Ursache ; Interdependenz ; Verflechtung ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Sozialer Konflikt ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Lebensstandard ; Partizipation ; Gesellschaftsvertrag ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; Unemployment ; Arabische Staaten
    Abstract: Eruptions of Popular Anger: The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath sets out to answerthree puzzles-the "Arab inequality" puzzle of civil uprisings in countries with low-to-moderateand stagnant economic inequality, the "unhappy development" paradox of increasing dissatisfactionat a time of moderate-to-rapid development, and the paradox of political violence in middle-incomecountries.The book's empirical investigation rules out high and rising inequality as a reason for the ArabSpring uprisings. It shows that the real problem was the erosion in middle-class incomes and thegrowing dissatisfaction with the quality of life, the shortage of formal sector jobs, and corruption.Frustration was particularly high among the young, educated, middle-class residents in urban areas.The old social contract, which had delivered development results in the past and under which Arabgovernments provided public-sector jobs and subsidized services in return for subdued voice, wasunsustainable and malfunctioning. The public sector could no longer be the employer of choice, butthe private sector did not generate enough formal sector jobs, because of distortions that constrainedits growth and policies that offered advantages to a few firms with political connections, limitingcompetition and private investment. The breakdown in the social contract increased the premiumon freedom and created impetus for political change.This report shows that the Arab Spring revolutions and the subsequent spread of violence andcivil wars in the post - Arab Spring Middle East and North Africa region can be traced to the brokensocial contract, institutional weaknesses, and regional divisions in societies polarized along ethnic andsectarian lines. The Arab Spring and its aftermath indicate the need for a new social contract underwhich governments promote private-sector job creation, design public services in a way that holdsproviders accountable to beneficiaries, and promote inclusion and good governance
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1152-4
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Taking another look at policy research on China's accession to the World Trade Organization (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Latin America and the Caribbean Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8932
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ianchovichina, Elena Taking Another Look at Policy Research on China's Accession to the World Trade Organization
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Recent work on China's accession to the World Trade Organizations pays little attention to the wave of reforms in China in the 1980s and 1990s. These reforms created the preconditions for accession and strongly influenced its outcomes. The preeminence of processing trade at the time of accession sharply reduced the impact of accession-related tariff reductions on exports and set the stage for China's increases in domestic value added and reduction in China's involvement in global production sharing since that time. The assessment in this paper, based on export data and simulation results on the ex ante accession-related effects on export volumes in the literature, finds that the accession must have increased China's real export growth by at most 6 percentage points between 1997 and 2005. This effect is substantial, but not as large as suggested by the difference between the pre- and post-accession export growth rates in the four years before and after accession. This is because the influence of cyclical fluctuations related to the Asian financial crisis and the U.S. dot-com crash dampened export growth in the period before accession in 2001 and accelerated it afterward
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8932
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dodging Bullets : The Heterogeneous Effect of Political Violence on Greenfield FDI (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Witte, Caroline T Dodging Bullets: The Heterogeneous Effect of Political Violence on Greenfield FDI
    Abstract: The relationship between political violence and greenfield foreign direct investment is contingent on the type of violence, characteristics of the investment-receiving sector, and extent to which the investing firm is geographically diversified. This paper presents an analysis with a dynamic fixed effects model for a panel of 90 developing countries from 2003 to 2012. The analysis shows that nationwide political conflict is negatively associated with total and non-resource-related greenfield foreign direct investment, but not with resource-related greenfield foreign direct investment. The insensitivity to political conflict of multinational firms in the resource sector is associated with the high profitability of natural resource extraction and the companies' geographic constraints on location choice during the period of estimation. In the non-resource sector, the less geographically diversified firms are most sensitive to the risk of conflict
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7914
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Combining growth and gender diagnostics for the benefit of both (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Latin America and the Caribbean Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8847
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ianchovichina, Elena Combining Growth and Gender Diagnostics for the Benefit of Both
    Keywords: Geschlechterunterschiede ; Bildungsniveau ; Weibliche Arbeitskräfte ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Geschlechterforschung ; Türkei ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Women's economic empowerment is not a new issue; nevertheless, it continues to challenge governments and development assistance agencies. One of the reasons for this hurdle may well be that gender advocates and growth devotees are speaking different languages when there is a huge space for them to collaborate effectively and pursue both agendas simultaneously. This paper outlines a framework for gender-enhanced growth diagnostics that can be used to identify win-win solutions based on policies that target jointly the binding constraints to economic growth and those limiting female economic participation. The welfare gain from such a reform surpasses the gain from a pro-growth reform addressing only the binding constraint to growth or that from a pro-gender reform aimed at closing gender gaps. Using Turkey's country growth diagnostics and data on gender gaps, the paper uses the approach to identify those constraints to women's economic empowerment that align with national growth priorities and may therefore gain greater traction with policy makers
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8847
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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