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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prices for Poverty Analysis in Africa (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gaddis, Isis Prices for Poverty Analysis in Africa
    Abstract: Measuring poverty requires adjusting nominal consumption (or income) into a real value of consumption, across geographic areas and over time. To this end, data on consumer prices are used to construct a price index. There are a range of approaches to do this, from using the consumer price index, to survey-based unit values, which differ in the underlying sources of price data and methodologies for indexing. These different approaches can have large impacts on poverty measures and trends. Surprisingly little attention has been focused on this topic. This study reviews a range of issues and the evidence on how prices matter for measuring poverty, particularly in Africa. It draws on a wide literature, much from developed countries, and offers suggestions for future work in this area
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7652
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Gendered Labor Market Impacts of Trade Liberalization : Evidence from Brazil (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Gaddis, Isis The Gendered Labor Market Impacts of Trade Liberalization
    Abstract: This paper investigates gender differences in the impact of Brazil' trade liberalization on labor market outcomes. To identify the causal effect of trade reforms, the paper uses difference-in-difference estimation exploiting variation across microregions in pre-liberalization industry composition. The analysis finds that trade liberalization reduced male and female labor force participation and employment rates, but the effects on men were significantly larger. Thereby, tariff reductions contributed to gender convergence in labor force participation and employment rates. Gender differences are concentrated among the low-skilled population and in the tradable sector, where male and female workers are most likely to be imperfect substitutes
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7095
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The labor productivity gap between female and male-managed firms in the formal private sector (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Global Indicators Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8445
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Islam, Asif The Labor Productivity Gap between Female and Male-Managed Firms in the Formal Private Sector
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship ; Geschlechterunterschiede ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Dekompositionsverfahren ; Entwicklungsländer ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study analyzes gender differences in labor productivity in the formal private sector, using data from 128 mostly developing economies. The results reveal a sizable unconditional gap, with labor productivity being approximately 11 percent lower among female- than male-managed firms. The analyses are based on female management, which is more strongly associated with labor productivity than female participation in ownership, which has been the focus of most previous studies. Decomposition techniques reveal several factors that contribute to lower labor productivity of female-managed firms relative to male-managed firms: fewer female- than male-managed firms protect themselves from crime and power outages, have their own websites, and are (co-) owned by foreigners. In addition, in the manufacturing sector, female-managed firms are less capitalized and have lower labor cost than male-managed firms
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8445
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gender gaps in property ownership in Sub-Saharan Africa (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Gender Global Theme
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8573
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gaddis, Isis Gender Gaps in Property Ownership in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Women's ownership, use, and control over property matter for their well-being and agency and can influence outcomes for the second generation-women's daughters and sons. Additionally, gender gaps in property ownership induce allocative inefficiencies and foregone economic output, thus having economywide implications. This paper uses data for 28 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to shine a spotlight on gaps between men and women in land and housing (property) ownership and analyze patterns across and within countries. The results indicate that men are about three times as likely as women to claim sole ownership over property. Gender gaps are smaller if joint ownership is taken into consideration, but still materially disadvantage women. Men are significantly more likely to own property than women even after controlling for a host of other factors. This paper is an important step toward a better understanding of gender gaps in property ownership in Africa and outlines an agenda for future data collection and analytic efforts
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8573
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La pauvrete dans une Afrique en essor (2017)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464809668
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (184 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: French Translation ; Conflicts ; Inequality ; Poverty ; Chronic Poverty
    Abstract: L'idee que l'on se fait de l'Afrique a radicalement change. Encore considere comme le continent des guerres, des famines et de la pauvrete chronique a la fin des annees 90, le continent africain est maintenant evoque sous l'angle de l'Afrique qui monte et du XXIe siecle africain. Deux decennies de croissance economique sans precedent devaient en principe ameliorer sensiblement le bien-etre des populations africaines. Il est toutefois difficile de dire si c'est effectivement le cas en raison de la mediocre qualite des donnees, de la nature du processus de croissance (s'agissant notamment du role des ressources naturelles), des conflits qui sevissent dans une partie la region et de la forte expansion demographique. Poverty in a Rising Africa decrit les problemes de donnees et analyse systematiquement les informations disponibles sur la pauvrete et les inegalites dans une perspective tant monetaire que non monetaire. Le premier chapitre evalue la disponibilite et la qualite des donnees necessaires pour cerner la pauvrete monetaire, examine les mecanismes de gouvernance et les processus politiques qui sous-tendent la production statistique et propose quelques methodes pour combler le deficit de donnees. Le chapitre 2 evalue la robustesse des estimations sur la pauvrete en Afrique et brosse a grands traits le profil de ce fleau. Selon les auteurs, la reduction de la pauvrete en Afrique est peut-etre legerement superieure a ce que les estimations traditionnelles portent a croire. Pour autant, meme les estimations les plus optimistes indiquent que davantage de personnes vivaient dans la pauvrete en 2012 qu'en 1990. Le troisieme chapitre considere la pauvrete dans une perspective elargie en prenant en compte les dimensions non monetaires du bien-etre, telles que l'education, la sante et la liberte, en utilisant la methode d'Amartya Sen (1985) axee sur les notions de capabilities et de functionings. Des progres ont certes ete accomplis dans plusieurs de ces domaines, mais les niveaux de resultats restent obstinement bas. Enfin, le chapitre 4 examine les donnees relatives aux inegalites en Afrique en analysant non seulement les types d'inegalites monetaires, mais aussi d'autres aspects tels que l'inegalite des chances, la mobilite intergenerationnelle dans le travail et l'education et l'extreme richesse
    Note: Description based on print version record
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0965-1
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Directions in development : preparing the next generation in Tanzania challenges and opportunities in education (2015)
    Washington, DC : World Bank Group
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464805905 , 9781464805912
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (pages cm))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Preparing the next generation in Tanzania
    DDC: 379.678
    Keywords: Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Tansania ; Education and state Tanzania ; Education Tanzania ; Education ; Education and state ; Bildung ; Erziehung ; Schulbildung ; Elementarbildung ; Sekundarstufe ; Chancengleichheit ; Frauenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung ; Bildungsausgaben ; Bildungspolitik ; Bildungsreform
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Description based on print version record
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0590-5
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring farm labor : survey experimental evidence from Ghana (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Data Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8717
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gaddis, Isis Measuring Farm Labor: Survey Experimental Evidence from Ghana
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study examines recall bias in farm labor by conducting a randomized survey experiment in Ghana. Hours of farm labor obtained from a recall survey conducted at the end of the season are compared with data collected weekly throughout the season. The study finds that the recall method overestimates farm labor per person per plot by about 10 percent, controlling for observable differences at baseline. Recall bias in farm labor per person per plot is accounted for by the fact that households in the recall group report fewer marginal plots and farm workers, denoted here as listing bias. This listing bias also creates a countervailing effect on hours of farm labor at higher levels of aggregation, so that the recall method underestimates farm labor per plot and per household and overestimates the labor productivity of household-operated farms. Consistent with the notion that recall bias is linked to the cognitive burden of reporting on past events, the study finds that recall bias in farm labor has a strong educational gradient
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8717
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CPI Bias and Its Implications for Poverty Reduction in Africa (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dabalen, Andrew CPI Bias and Its Implications for Poverty Reduction in Africa
    Abstract: International poverty estimates for countries in Africa commonly rely on national consumer price indexes to adjust trends in nominal consumption over time for changes in the cost of living. However, the consumer price index is subject to various types of measurement bias. This paper uses Engel curve estimations to assess bias in the consumer price index and its implications for estimated poverty trends. The results suggest that in 11 of 16 Sub-Saharan African countries in this study, poverty reduction may be understated because of consumer price index bias. With correction of consumer price index bias, poverty in these countries could fall between 0.8 and 5.7 percentage points per year faster than currently thought. For two countries, however, the paper finds the opposite trend. There is no statistically significant change in poverty patterns after adjusting for consumer price index bias for the other three countries
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7907
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diamonds in the Rough? : Repurposing Multi-Topic Surveys to Estimate Individual-Level Consumption Poverty (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (50 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Print Version: Bose-Duker, Theophiline Diamonds in the Rough? Repurposing Multi-Topic Surveys to Estimate Individual-Level Consumption Poverty
    Abstract: Traditional per capita measures of poverty assign the same poverty status to individuals living in the same household and overlook differences in living standards within households. There has been a long-standing need for a tool that enables poverty measurement at the individual level, while avoiding overly complex estimation techniques and, if possible, using readily available household survey data. An ordinary least squares-based strategy was recently introduced to estimate individual resource shares. This paper presents the theory behind this approach in an accessible fashion for those interested in individual-level consumption poverty measurement using existing household survey data. The strategy's assumptions are compared with the assumptions of the prevailing per capita approach to deriving poverty estimates. The empirical analysis presents competing individual-level poverty estimates in four diverse countries under the individual resource shares strategy versus the per capita approach. The results suggest that poverty is underestimated under the per capita approach. There is further evidence that women may be poorer than men, and that children and the elderly are disproportionately affected by poverty. However, the pursuit of the individual resource shares approach reveals cross-country heterogeneity in the extent of increase in headcount poverty estimates, and in the direction of change in headcount poverty estimates for men and women. The paper concludes with suggestions for further methodological research in this area
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9661
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring Women and Men's Work : Main Findings from a Joint ILO and World Bank Study in Sri Lanka (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Employment ; Gender ; Gender and Economics ; Gender and Rural Development ; Inequality ; Labor Markets ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Between 2017 and 2019, the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Bank, in collaboration with the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) of Sri Lanka, completed a pilot study in Sri Lanka with the goal of developing guidance on good practice in the measurement of women and men's work through household surveys. The study was designed to enable a comparison of the outcomes of two types of household surveys, namely, the labour force survey (LFS) and the multitopic living standards survey (MLSS). This new framework recognizes that people may engaged in multiple working activities within the same period, thereby enabling a complete accounting all work performed. An additional important development was the adoption of an extended set of labour underutilization indicators to supplement the unemployment rate. This report presents a first summary set of the findings of the pilot study. The findings are being used to generate guidance on the measurement of labour across different types of household surveys. While highlighting issues of measurement, the report also emphasizes the valuable data that can be generated if the guidelines and standards are implemented, such as the more comprehensive measurement of all the working contributions of men and women
    DOI: 10.1596/36257
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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