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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identifying Supply-Side Constraints To Export Performance In Ecuador : An Exercise With Investment Climate Survey Data (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (34 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Francisco, Manuela Identifying Supply-Side Constraints To Export Performance In Ecuador
    Keywords: Business Environment ; Competitors ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Dominant Firms ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Employment ; Enterprises ; Entrepreneurs ; Expansion ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Market ; Free Trade ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Trade Law ; Business Environment ; Competitors ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Dominant Firms ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Employment ; Enterprises ; Entrepreneurs ; Expansion ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Market ; Free Trade ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Trade Law ; Business Environment ; Competitors ; Currency ; Debt Markets ; Dominant Firms ; E-Business ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Employment ; Enterprises ; Entrepreneurs ; Expansion ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firm ; Firm Size ; Firms ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Foreign Market ; Free Trade ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; International Economics & Trade ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Microfinance ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Small Scale Enterprises ; Trade Law
    Abstract: The authors apply a Heckman selection model to the 2003 Investment Climate Survey (ICS) to investigate supply-side constraints to export performance at the firm level in Ecuador. To correct for the non-random truncation problems, they use the Heckman selection model to estimate the probability of exporting (export propensity) and the share of total sales that are exported (export intensity) by Ecuadorian firms. They develop a baseline model with 12 independent variables divided into three categories-idiosyncratic characteristics, technology, and business environment. The authors develop three other models with the addition of variables related to trade integration, business environment, and infrastructure. Results corroborate with the hypothesis implicit in the Heckman model, which considers both decisions made by a firm-whether to export, and how much of its sales to export-to be interdependent. In the Ecuadorian case, they find three important results for the firm's export performance: technology matters; infrastructure does not; and trade orientation is significant, with specialized firms tending to have smaller export intensity when their main trade partners are countries of the Andean Community, and the opposite happening if the United States is their main trade partner. The authors find a robust and stable relationship for export propensity and intensity with size, import of inputs, labor regulations, in-house research and development, quality certification, web-use, and foreign ownership. Also, capacity utilization and trade with the United States positively affect export intensity, while trade within the Andean Community has the opposite effect in the outcome variable. But they find no significant relationship for the infrastructure variables
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring The Performance And Achievement of Social Objectives of Development Finance Institutions (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (38 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Francisco, Manuela Measuring The Performance And Achievement of Social Objectives of Development Finance Institutions
    Keywords: Access to Finance ; Access to financial services ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Demand for credit ; Development Finance ; Development Finance Institutions ; Development finance institution ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial intermediaries ; Financial sector development ; International Bank ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Social welfare ; Access to Finance ; Access to financial services ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Demand for credit ; Development Finance ; Development Finance Institutions ; Development finance institution ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial intermediaries ; Financial sector development ; International Bank ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Social welfare ; Access to Finance ; Access to financial services ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Debt Markets ; Demand for credit ; Development Finance ; Development Finance Institutions ; Development finance institution ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial intermediaries ; Financial sector development ; International Bank ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Social welfare
    Abstract: This paper develops and tests a proposed methodology that puts forward a new integrated method for evaluating the performance of development finance institutions. This methodology applies assessment criteria that take into account both the social objective that the development finance institution addresses and the subsidies it received in order to achieve such an objective. This methodology is applied to two pilot case studies-Banadesa (Honduras) and Banrural (Guatemala). The authors calculate the previously tested subsidy dependence index, which measures the degree of an institution's subsidy dependence. The paper develops and estimates a new measure-the output index- which indicates the level to which the institution fulfills the social objectives of the state. The analysis integrates the subsidy dependence index and the output index to assess the effectiveness associated with meeting the social objective. The findings suggest that the integration of the two indexes can constitute the basis of a meaningful evaluation framework for the performance of development finance institutions. This new methodology can also be a useful metric for policy makers who are seeking to decide on an optimal allocation of scarce funds for development finance institutions that pursue social goals and for management that seeks improved performance outcomes
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Corruption Impact On Firms' Ability To Conduct Business In Mauritania ? : Evidence From Investment Climate Survey Data (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (32 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Francisco, Manuela Does Corruption Impact On Firms' Ability To Conduct Business In Mauritania ?
    Keywords: Korruption ; Unternehmenserfolg ; Investitionsklima ; Mauretanien ; Access to Finance ; Bribe ; Bribes ; Corruption ; Corruption Perception ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Kickbacks ; Microfinance ; National Governance ; Perception Of Corruption ; Personal Gain ; Private Gain ; Public Officials ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Access to Finance ; Bribe ; Bribes ; Corruption ; Corruption Perception ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Kickbacks ; Microfinance ; National Governance ; Perception Of Corruption ; Personal Gain ; Private Gain ; Public Officials ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Access to Finance ; Bribe ; Bribes ; Corruption ; Corruption Perception ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Kickbacks ; Microfinance ; National Governance ; Perception Of Corruption ; Personal Gain ; Private Gain ; Public Officials ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures
    Abstract: This paper seeks to understand whether Mauritanian firms deem corruption as an obstacle to operate and grow, to identify the profile of firms that are more likely to make informal payments, and to quantify the size of these payments. The results of the analysis show that perceptions of corruption can be potentially misleading. Corruption is not considered to be one of the most taxing factors impeding the growth of firms in Mauritania. Yet, its cost to firms is significant and greater than in the comparator group countries. This means that corruption is internalized by firms and considered an accepted practice. Alternatively, firms may fear reporting corruption practices for fear of retaliation. Econometric evidence on the propensity and intensity of bribes suggests that medium-size firms suffer the most from corruption in Mauritania. Larger firms are more established and connected, do not fear exiting the market, and are less likely to be harassed. Smaller firms are less visible and may be able to escape the control of public officials by operating largely in the informal sector. Medium-size firms are the most likely to pay bribes and to pay the highest amounts as a percentage of their total annual sales, which places a heavy burden on their ability to grow
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enterprise size, financing patterns, and credit constraints in Brazil : analysis of data from the investment climate assessment survey (2005)
    Washington : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821361295 , 0821361309
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (v, 62 p) , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: World Bank working paper no.49
    DDC: 338.6/40981
    Keywords: Business enterprises Size ; Business enterprises Finance ; Business enterprises Size ; Business enterprises Finance
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-62)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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