ISBN:
9783642204449
,
1283449471
,
9781283449472
Language:
English
Pages:
Online-Ressource (XII, 120p. 67 illus, digital)
Series Statement:
Theory and Applications of Natural Language Processing
Series Statement:
SpringerLink
Series Statement:
Bücher
Parallel Title:
Buchausg. u.d.T. Chiang, David Grammar for language and genes
Keywords:
Computer Science
;
Computer science
;
Translators (Computer programs)
;
Bioinformatics
;
Computer science
;
Translators (Computer programs)
;
Bioinformatics
;
Formale Grammatik
;
Generative Kapazität
;
Syntaktische Analyse
;
Maschinelle Übersetzung
;
Natürliche Sprache
;
Sequenzdaten
;
Nucleotidsequenz
;
Aminosäurensequenz
;
Formale Grammatik
;
Generative Kapazität
;
Syntaktische Analyse
;
Maschinelle Übersetzung
;
Natürliche Sprache
;
Sequenzdaten
;
Nucleotidsequenz
;
Aminosäurensequenz
Abstract:
1.Introduction -- 2.Foundation -- 3.Statistical Parsing -- 4.Machine Translation -- 5.Biological Sequence Analysis: Basics -- 6.Biological Sequence Analysis: Intersection -- 7.Conclusion -- References -- Index
Abstract:
Grammars are gaining importance in natural language processing and computational biology as a means of encoding theories and structuring algorithms. But one serious obstacle to applications of grammars is that formal language theory traditionally classifies grammars according to their weak generative capacity (what sets of strings they generate) and tends to ignore strong generative capacity (what sets of structural descriptions they generate) even though the latter is more relevant to applications. This book develops and demonstrates a framework for carrying out rigorous comparisons of grammar formalisms in terms of their usefulness for applications, focusing on three areas of application: statistical parsing, natural language translation, and biological sequence analysis. These results should pave the way for theoretical research to pursue results that are more directed towards applications, and for practical research to explore the use of advanced grammar formalisms more easily
Description / Table of Contents:
Grammars for Language and Genes; Foreword; Acknowledgements; Contents; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 The Problem of Strong Generative Capacity; 1.2 Wine, King,Woman, and Truth; 1.3 The Case of Dutch Cross-Serial Dependencies; 1.4 Overview; Theoretical framework; Statistical parsing; Machine translation; Biological sequence analysis; Chapter 2 Foundation; 2.1 Strong Generative Capacity, Relativized; 2.2 Simple Literal Movement Grammars; 2.3 Interpretation Functions; 2.4 Summary; 2.5 Additional Topics; 2.5.1 Tree-Adjoining Grammars; No adjunction: tree substitution grammars
Description / Table of Contents:
No wrapping adjunction: tree-insertion grammarsLimited spine adjunction: regular form; Multiple adjunction and sister adjunction; 2.5.2 Multicomponent Grammars; 2.5.3 Parsing; 2.5.4 Cover Grammars; Chapter 3 Statistical Parsing; 3.1 Measuring Statistical Modeling Power; 3.2 Lexicalized Probabilistic CFG; 3.3 A Probabilistic TIG Model; Basic definition; Independence assumptions and smoothing; Parsing; 3.4 Training from Partial Structural Descriptions; 3.4.1 Rule-Based Reconstruction; 3.4.2 Training by Expectation-Maximization; 3.5 Related Work; 3.6 Summary; Chapter 4 Machine Translation
Description / Table of Contents:
4.1 Measuring Translation Power4.2 Translation and Bitext Parsing; 4.3 Synchronous CFG; 4.3.1 Applications to Translation; Inversion transduction grammar; Yamada-Knight syntax-based model; Hiero; 4.3.2 Extensions Synchronous TSG; Synchronous tree sequence substitution grammar; Synchronous TIG; 4.4 Synchronous TAG; 4.4.1 Synchronous Regular Form TAG; 4.4.2 Extensions; Bounded nonisomorphisms: TAG.TSG; A more substantial extension: TAG.RF-TAG; 4.5 Summary; Chapter 5 Biological Sequence Analysis: Basics; 5.1 Background; 5.1.1 Sequences; 5.1.2 Structures; 5.2 Measuring Sequence Analysis Power
Description / Table of Contents:
5.3 Linked Grammars for Sequence Analysis5.3.1 Squeezing DGC; Alpha-helices; Limited RNA tertiary interactions; 5.3.2 Beyond CFG; Pseudoknots; Beta-sheets; 5.4 Computing Probabilities and Partition Functions; Calculating energies; Counting conformations; Computing partial sums of the partition function; Implementation details; 5.5 Summary; Chapter 6 Biological Sequence Analysis: Intersection; 6.1 Intersecting CFLs and CFLs: a Critique; 6.2 Intersecting CFGs and Finite-State Automata; 6.2.1 Integrating the Zimm-Bragg Model and the HP Model; 6.2.2 Intersecting the Grammars
Description / Table of Contents:
6.2.3 Computing the Partition Function6.2.4 Evaluation Against Exact Enumeration; 6.3 Intersection in Nonlinear sLMGs; 6.4 Summary; Chapter 7 Conclusion; Statistical parsing; Machine translation; Biological sequence analysis; Conclusion; References; Index;
Note:
Includes bibliographical references and index
DOI:
10.1007/978-3-642-20444-9
URL:
Volltext
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