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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demombynes, Gabriel Connecting The Unobserved Dots
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Debt Markets ; Earnings Inequality ; Education ; Education for All ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Household Survey ; Labor Markets ; Minimum wage ; Primary Education ; Salaried employment ; Salaried workers ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Union membership ; Wage distribution ; Wage employment ; Wage inequality ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Debt Markets ; Earnings Inequality ; Education ; Education for All ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Household Survey ; Labor Markets ; Minimum wage ; Primary Education ; Salaried employment ; Salaried workers ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Union membership ; Wage distribution ; Wage employment ; Wage inequality ; Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Debt Markets ; Earnings Inequality ; Education ; Education for All ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Household Survey ; Labor Markets ; Minimum wage ; Primary Education ; Salaried employment ; Salaried workers ; Skilled workers ; Social Protections and Labor ; Union membership ; Wage distribution ; Wage employment ; Wage inequality
    Abstract: There are several possible explanations for the observed changes in inequality, the returns to education, and the gap between the wages of informal and formal salaried workers in Argentina over the period 1980-2002. Largely due to the lack of evidence for competing explanations, skill-biased technical change is the most likely explanation for the increases in the returns to education that occurred in the 1990s. Using a semi-parametric re-weighting variance decomposition technique and data from the Permanent Household Survey, the authors show that during the same period there was an increase in the returns to unobserved skill. This finding lends support to the hypothesis that skill-biased technical change has been a main driver of increases in inequality in Argentina. The pattern of changes suggests that the growth in returns to unobserved skill may have been partly responsible for the relative deterioration of informal salaried wages during the 1990s
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (41 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Demombynes, Gabriel How Good A Map ?
    Keywords: Capital Expenditure ; Degrees of Freedom ; Delta Method ; Econometrics ; Education ; Estimates of Poverty ; Explanatory Variables ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Household Survey Data ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Parameter Estimates ; Population ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Profit ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Capital Expenditure ; Degrees of Freedom ; Delta Method ; Econometrics ; Education ; Estimates of Poverty ; Explanatory Variables ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Household Survey Data ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Parameter Estimates ; Population ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Profit ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences ; Capital Expenditure ; Degrees of Freedom ; Delta Method ; Econometrics ; Education ; Estimates of Poverty ; Explanatory Variables ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Household Survey ; Household Survey Data ; Households ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Parameter Estimates ; Population ; Population Policies ; Poverty Reduction ; Profit ; Rural Development ; Rural Poverty Reduction ; Science Education ; Science and Technology Development ; Scientific Research and Science Parks ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Statistical and Mathematical Sciences
    Abstract: The authors examine the performance of small area welfare estimation. The method combines census and survey data to produce spatially disaggregated poverty and inequality estimates. To test the method, they compare predicted welfare indicators for a set of target populations with their true values. They construct target populations using actual data from a census of households in a set of rural Mexican communities. They examine estimates along three criteria: accuracy of confidence intervals, bias, and correlation with true values. The authors find that while point estimates are very stable, the precision of the estimates varies with alternative simulation methods. While the original approach of numerical gradient estimation yields standard errors that seem appropriate, some computationally less-intensive simulation procedures yield confidence intervals that are slightly too narrow. The precision of estimates is shown to diminish markedly if unobserved location effects at the village level are not well captured in underlying consumption models. With well specified models there is only slight evidence of bias, but the authors show that bias increases if underlying models fail to capture latent location effects. Correlations between estimated and true welfare at the local level are highest for mean expenditure and poverty measures and lower for inequality measures
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9780821382097
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (135 pages)
    Series Statement: World Bank Working Papers v.No.183
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5 630982
    Keywords: Argentina ; Economic conditions ; 21st century ; Argentina ; Social conditions ; 21st century ; Poor ; Research ; Argentina ; Poverty ; Research ; Argentina ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The work grows out of discussions with counterparts at the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, and Food (SAGPyA) and INDEC. Recognizing the dearth of information on rural areas, the World Bank team agreed to review knowledge on rural poverty and provide guidance on future data collection efforts. A primary objective of this study is to raise the profile of the rural poor in Argentina. Largely because of data limitations, in particular the EPH's lack of coverage in rural areas, profound gaps exist in the understanding of rural poverty in Argentina. As a result, the rural poor have sometimes been neglected in policy discussions. As a first step in highlighting the situation of the rural poor, this report takes stock of existing research, exploits previously untapped information from the 2001 Population Census, and presents findings from a new qualitative study on the subject. For the future, it is crucial that the EPH be expanded to full national coverage. Roughly 38 percent of the country's population, consisting of four million rural residents and another 12 million who live in smaller urban areas, lie outside the current reach of the survey. An expanded EPH would be valuable both for better evaluating existing programs and for helping the government design new programs and policies. Recognizing the challenges that expansion of the EPH would bring, the final chapter of this report explores the key technical issues involved. As the Government of Argentina moves forward with its consideration of how to best improve data on rural issues and address rural poverty, the World Bank stands ready to assist in supporting the next steps. This report is offered in the hope that will stimulate dialogue and interest in addressing the nation's invisible poor.
    Abstract: Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Executive Summary -- The Nature of Rural Poverty in Argentina -- A Qualitative Study of Rural Poverty in Argentina -- Measuring Poverty and Welfare in Rural Poverty Analysis -- CHAPTER 1 Issues and Challenges for Rural Poverty in Argentina -- Introduction -- Demographic Trends -- Measuring Poverty -- A Poverty Profile for Rural Argentina -- The Need for Data: Poverty Monitoring and Evaluation of Rural Programs -- CHAPTER 2 A Qualitative Study of Rural Poverty in Argentina -- Introduction -- Methodology for Qualitative Survey -- Sociodemographic Characteristics -- Aspirations, Conflict, and Discrimination -- Extreme Poverty -- CHAPTER 3 Methodology for the Analysis of Rural Poverty in Argentina -- Introduction -- Past Rural Household Surveys in Argentina -- Rural Surveys in Other Countries of Latin America -- Choice of Welfare Measure: Options for Argentina -- Conclusions -- References -- Annexes -- ANNEX A. Poverty / UBN -- Access to Services -- Living / Housing -- Population Statistics -- Work Related -- ANNEX B. Contact Persons List for Field Activities and Focus Group Members -- Chaco Province -- Chaco province -- Jujuy Province -- Tucumán Province -- Mendoza Province -- ANNEX C. Pobreza Rural en Argentina Estudio Cualitativo (Abril-Mayo 2007) -- Guía de preguntas.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgments; Preface; Abbreviations and Acronyms; Executive Summary; CHAPTER 1 Issues and Challenges for Rural Poverty in Argentina; CHAPTER 2 A Qualitative Study of Rural Poverty in Argentina; CHAPTER 3 Methodology for the Analysis of Rural Poverty in Argentina; References; Annexes; ANNEX A. Poverty / UBN; ANNEX B. Contact Persons List for Field Activities and Focus Group Members; ANNEX C. Pobreza Rural en Argentina Estudio Cualitativo (Abril-Mayo 2007);
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    In:  Poverty and policy in post-apartheid South Africa 2006, S. 288-320
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Poverty and policy in post-apartheid South Africa
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2006, S. 288-320
    Note: Gabriel Demombynes; Berk Özler
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